現(xiàn)在完成時專題講座

1、現(xiàn)在完成時專題講座：一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have (has) + done 二、基本概念：1. 過去發(fā)生的一個動作 或者存在的某個狀態(tài)，對現(xiàn)在造成了影響或者結(jié)果；（這里的動詞需要用結(jié)束性動詞） FuturePresentPast He _ (die). The war _ (break) out.2. 過去發(fā)生的一個動作或存在的某個狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對現(xiàn)在造成了影響或者結(jié)果。(這里的動詞需要用延續(xù)性動詞) He _ (be) a teacher for ten years. He _ (be) a teacher since ten years ago. We _ (work) at this

2、school for 3 years.三、現(xiàn)在完成時的判斷： 1、句子中沒有明確的時間。 He _ (die) last year He _ (die) next week. He _ (die) now. He _ (die)2、句子中有一些特征詞。 Already ever never just yet since. For. He _already _ (see) the film. I _ never _ (learn)English . _ you _ (finish) your homework yet? The meeting _ (begin) for two hours.四、

3、延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞及其轉(zhuǎn)換 動詞按其動作發(fā)生的方式、發(fā)生過程的長短可分為延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞。 一.延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動詞可以與表示時間段的狀語連用。 表示時間段的短語有:for+一段時間,for 2 years; since從句,since he came here; since+時間點名詞,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long

4、; for a long time等。 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? 二.非延續(xù)性動詞也稱終止性動詞、瞬間動詞,表示不能延續(xù)的動作,這種動作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延續(xù)性動詞在肯定句中與表示時間點的狀語連用

5、，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago. 否定的終止性動詞可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：leave - be away, borrow - keep, buy - have, begin/start - be on, die - be dead, finish - be over, join - be in+組織機構(gòu), b

6、e a member of+組織機構(gòu), open sth - keep sth open, fall ill - be ill, get up-be up, catch a cold - have a cold, come here - be here, go there - be there, become - be, come back - be back, fall asleep - be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach - be (in), leave - be away from, get to know - know, go (get) out be ou

7、t， put on wear；catch a cold have a cold等。 例:The old man died 4 years ago. -The old man has been dead for 4 years. - It is 4 years since the old man died. -Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ag

8、o. - I have had the book for 5 days. 補充練習(xí)：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been inThe factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B.

9、 has opened C. was open D. openedMary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5.You mustn't _ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7.Miss Gao _ this school

10、 for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He _ at eight yesterday afte

11、rnoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.I'll lend y

12、ou the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17.Are you _ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ foe 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom

13、is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had20.- How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks.A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep四實戰(zhàn)練習(xí)：1. I have ever been to macau. (變否定句)I _ _ been to Macau before.2.He hasn't come to school because he's ill (就劃線部分提問)_ _

14、 he come to school?3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就劃線部分提問)_ _ _ _ learned English ?4.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改寫)I _ just _ a new bike.5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改為同義句)We _ _English _three years四、 用for 或since填空1. Jill has been in Ireland Monday.2. Jill has been in

15、Ireland three days.3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.4. Margaret is in her office.She has been there7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country 1974.6. The bus is late.We've been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty many years.8. Mike has bee

16、n ill a long time. He has been in hospital OctoberA.用 already或 yet1) Have they taken down the old pictures _?No, not _.2) Most of us have finished our compositions _3) He said he hadnt visited the exhibition _.B.用 since或 for1) We have learned five lessons _he beginning of this term.2) Mrs Liao has b

17、een in hospital _last week.3) I have stayed at my aunts _two weeks.C. 用have gone或 have been1) Where are the boy students ?They _to the school factory.2) Is your father in?No, he _to Shenzhen._ he ever_there before?Yes, he _there several times3) He asked me if I _to Hangzhou before. I told him that I

18、 wanted to go there for a visit as I _never _ to that city before.1. 寫出下列動詞的過去式 , 過去分詞 .am_ _ come _ _ go_ _do _ _ ask _ _ speak_ _cut _ _ sit _ _ spend_ _get _ _ draw_ _ write _ _see_ _ say _ _ keep _ _eat _ _ buy _ _ hear _ _put _ _ fall _ _ give ­_ _read_ _ stop_ _ hurry_ _2. 選擇正確答案( ) 1.His

19、 grandfather _for over two years. A. has dead B. has been dead C. has died D. died( ) 2._ you _ your homework ,Bob ? Yes , I have .A. Did : finish B. Will , finish C. Have ; finished D. Do , finish( ) 3.-How do you like Hangzhou , Miss Read ? -Sorry , I _there . A. have gone B. have been C. havent g

20、one D. havent been( ) 4.-How many times _to Shanghai since the summer of 2000 ?-Twice .A .did you go B. have you gone C. have you been D. will you go( ) 5.-Have you ever been to Canada ?-Yes, I _there last year with my parents. A. have been B. have gone C. went D. go ( ) 6.-Have you ever _Wunzhen Is

21、land ? -No, never . But Im going to Wunzhen Island this summer .A. been in B. gone in C. been to D. gone to( ) 7.-Where _ jack _? -To the market. He bought some fruit.A. does; go B. has; gone C. is; going D. has; been( ) 8. -Excuse me. Look at the sign over there. It says “ No smoking .” -Sorry. I _

22、that .A. havent seen B. hadnt seen C. didnt see D. dont see ( ) 9.Great changes _place , many schools _.A. have taken ; have been opened B. take ; are openC. have been taken ; are opened D. are taken ; open( ) 10 .My dictionary _ . I have looked for it everywhere but still _it .A. has lost ; havent

23、found B. has lost ; didnt findC. is missing ; havent found D. is lost ; didnt find ( ) 11 .Our teacher didnt know how log the Greens _ China .A. have come to B. had been in C. had gone to D. had been to ( ) 12. Fang Li has _ her mind _her job .A. maked with ; quit B. make up ; to quit C. made up ; t

24、o quit D. maked with ; quiting( ) 13 . Unlike tennis , some sports, such as golf and rugby ,have been tried in the Olympic but _A. have returned B. have never returned C. didnt return D. returned ( ) 14. -Have you _the film “ Pearl Harbor” ? -Yes, I _ it last month.A. seen ; seen B. seen ; saw C. sa

25、w ; seen D. seen ; had ( ) 15.-Have you been to the Dinosaur World , Susan ?-Yes , I _it last week .A. have visited B. had visited C. visit D. visited( ) 16. -John ,you _the computer game for two hours . Its bad for your eyes .-Ok . Mum .A. played B. have played C.were playing D. play( ) 17. His gra

26、ndfather _for over two years .A. has died B. has been dead C. has dead D. died( ) 18. The film has _an hour.A. stopped for B. finished for C. have over for D. finished sinceII. 單詞拼寫.!. Mr Johnson has taught English here for 3 years _( 自從 ) he came to China .2. Toms uncle has _( 居住 ) in the country a

27、ll his life .3. Hes just _( 寫 ) a letter to his parents .4. How long have you _ (借 ) this book ?六 選擇填空1.Mother _me a new coat yesterday. I _ it on. It fits me well.A. had madehave tried B. madehave triedC. has madetried D. madetried2 “He _to draw horses already”.When _ he ?”“ Last year “A. learnedhas B. learneddidC. has learnedhas D. has le