定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的選擇用法小結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的選擇用法小結(jié)作者：殷華新來(lái)源：中學(xué)課程輔導(dǎo)高考版·學(xué)生版2016年第09期        一、關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句        定語(yǔ)從句中選擇關(guān)系詞的唯一依據(jù)是看關(guān)系詞所代指的先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。而不是看先行詞是什么詞性。        1. 如果作主語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，則選用關(guān)系代詞，如果作狀

2、語(yǔ)，則選擇相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞。        例如：         He worked in the factory which produces TV sets.         He worked in the factory where his father had worked.      &

3、#160; 句中先行詞the factory在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞which，句中先行詞the factory在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用where。        2. 選用關(guān)系詞的方法：一“找”二“還”三“替換”        找：就是先把句子分為主句和從句兩部分，再找出先行詞（定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞）和關(guān)系詞（連接定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞的詞）。      &

4、#160; 還：根據(jù)先行詞提示的意思，大膽地把定語(yǔ)從句還原為完整的一句話(huà)。（可以適當(dāng)添詞）        替換：用關(guān)系詞替換定語(yǔ)從句中還原后添加的部分，作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)用關(guān)系代詞，作狀語(yǔ)用關(guān)系副詞。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用when，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)用where， 原因狀語(yǔ)用why）。        例如：         This is the school I once

5、 studied.         This is the school is the most famous in the city.        找：根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定先行詞為the school。需要填入的則是連接先行詞和后面從句的關(guān)系詞。        還原：根據(jù)先行詞的提示，這兩句話(huà)的定語(yǔ)從句還原成完整的一句話(huà)后分別為： 

6、0;      I once studied at the school.        The school is the most famous in the city.        （斜體部分為根據(jù)先行詞的意思把關(guān)系詞還原后的部分）        替換：根據(jù)還原后的句意，句中先行詞the s

7、chool在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用where， 句中先行詞the school在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用which / that。        二、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句        1. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如果指人，用“介詞+whom”；如果指物，用“介詞+which”。介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞 which， whom 不能省略，也不能被that， who 代替。例如：&

8、#160;        Do you like the book for which I paid 20 dollars？        你喜歡我付了20美元買(mǎi)的那本書(shū)嗎？         Mr. Smith is a teacher from whom I have learnt a lot.      

9、  史密斯先生是一個(gè)讓我從他身上學(xué)到好多東西的老師。        2. 在定語(yǔ)從句中，介詞也可以放在定語(yǔ)從句的后面，此時(shí)作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞which， whom 可以被that 或者 who 替換，也可以省略。例如：         Mr. Jason is a kind person with whom I talked just now.      &#

10、160; = Mr. Jason is a kind person （whom / who） I talked with just now.         The book in which I am interested is Harry Potter.        = The book （which / that） I am interested in is Harry Potter.   

11、;     3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”中介詞的選擇        1） 根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞或形容詞與介詞的搭配確定。        The West Lake， for which Hangzhou is famous， is worth visiting.        2） 根據(jù)先行詞和介詞的搭配來(lái)確定。&

12、#160;       Tom lives in a big house in which there is a cherry tree.        3） 根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句所表達(dá)的意思來(lái)確定。        Water， without which man cant live， has been seriously polluted.   

13、;     4） 表示“所屬關(guān)系”或“整體與部分”關(guān)系時(shí)，用介詞of，形式通常為：名詞、不定代詞或數(shù)詞+of+which / whom.        I sent him a good book， the name of which is Gone with the Wind.        5） 當(dāng)先行詞是way且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用 in which 或 that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，通

14、常 in which 或 that 可省略。        I dont like the way （that / in which） he spoke to his parents.        三、鞏固練習(xí)        1. This is the house I lived when I was young.   &#

15、160;    A. whichB. that        C. in whichD. as        2. Jane is my best friend I borrowed an Apple Watch， and I have kept it for three weeks.        A. from w

16、hichB. from whom        C. to whichD. to whom        3. The house I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building.        A. in itB. in    

17、0;   C. in thatD. in which        4. Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？        A. thatB. what        C. howD. why 

18、       5. Is this the reason he was so careless in his work？        A. thatB. what        C. howD. why        6. The reason he didnt come was he

19、was ill.        A. why； thatB. that； why        C. for that； thatD. for which； what        7. He lives in a village is not far from the city.      

20、60; A. whichB. where        C. whatD. whose        8. He lives in the village he was born.        A. whichB. where        C. whatD. who

21、se        9. In an hour， we travel to places could have taken our ancestors days to reach.        A. whereB. when        C. whichD. what       &#

22、160;10. In an hour， we travel to places we can relax and get refreshed.        A. whereB. when        C. whichD. what        11. Ill never forget the days we spent together. &

23、#160;      A. thatB. /        C. whenD. A and B        12. I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.        A. asB. why        C. whenD. where        13. If we want to have a bright future， we must learn to act in ways do not do harm to other living things.&