最新上海中考英語(yǔ)句型轉(zhuǎn)換考點(diǎn)梳理

1、備戰(zhàn)2012年中考句型轉(zhuǎn)換模塊考點(diǎn)歸納:1. 肯定句變否定句或否定句變肯定句：?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：have 、do句型2. 變反義疑問(wèn)句：?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：帶有否定副詞的句子。3. 主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、以及含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換常考的考點(diǎn)：主要考考綱的近義短語(yǔ)、常用的初中重點(diǎn)句型。5. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)常考的考點(diǎn)：how long/soon/ far, how much/ many的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系。6. 肯定句改成改為感嘆句?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：近年來(lái)考的比較少了，要求掌握how/what 的修飾用法。7. 兩句子合并為一句，復(fù)句變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：結(jié)構(gòu)是狀語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從

2、句的使用。注意改寫(xiě)句子的細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題。1. Mr. Lee studies Chinese in the university. (改為否定句)Mr. Lee _ _ Chinese in the university.答案：doesnt, study解析：本題考查肯定句改為否定句。在做此類(lèi)題時(shí)，通常在系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not (n't)。如果句中沒(méi)有這些詞，則根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的原形、第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)動(dòng)詞形式或過(guò)去式而分別在其前面加do not (don't), does not (doesn't) 或did not (didn't), 并將第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)動(dòng)詞形式或

3、過(guò)去式改為原形。如：We can finish the work this afternoon. We can't finish the work this afternoon.They put the basket under the tree just now. They didn't put the basket under the tree just now.注意：1). 當(dāng)think, believe, suppose等動(dòng)詞后面跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常用否定主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)達(dá)到否定從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的目的。如：I think they can come tonight. I don

4、't think they can come tonight.2). 當(dāng)must表示推測(cè)，表示“一定；肯定”的含義時(shí)，否定句應(yīng)用can't。如：He must be in the room. He can't be in the room.2. Peter often has bread for his breakfast. (改為否定句)Peter _ _ bread for his breakfast.答案：doesnt, have解析：本句考查have/has做行為動(dòng)詞的否定形式。 本題中has 不表示“有”而是表示動(dòng)作，否定應(yīng)該用doesnt have,不能用h

5、as not. 注意：英語(yǔ)中當(dāng)have/has表示“開(kāi)會(huì)”；“吃飯”；“擁有（好時(shí)光）”等意思時(shí)，用作行為動(dòng)詞。3. I have already received some Christmas cards from my friends. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句)_ you received _ Christmas cards from your friends yet?答案：Have, any解析：本題考查陳述句改為疑問(wèn)句。陳述句改為疑問(wèn)句一般有三種情況：一是改為一般疑問(wèn)句，二是改為反意疑問(wèn)句。三是改成特殊疑問(wèn)句即劃線提問(wèn)。如:1). The students had learned about

6、 1,000 English words by the end of last term. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句） Had the students learned about 1,000 English words by the end of last term?2). The twins have never been to the Summer Palace, have they? （完成反意疑問(wèn)句）4. Jack hardly knows anything about the car accident. (改為反意疑問(wèn)句)Jack hardly knows anything about t

7、he car accident, _ _? 答案：does, he解析：本題考查陳述句改為疑問(wèn)句。改反義疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)注意，若句子的主要部分用肯定，附加部分用否定，反之則相反。但要注意前句表示否定意義的副詞如：hardly, never, seldom, little, few等，這時(shí)反義疑問(wèn)句要用肯定形式。若祈使句的反義疑問(wèn)句，僅Lets句型用shall we，其他都用will you. 例如 Lets go to the exhibition this afternoon.（改為反義疑問(wèn)句）Lets go to the exhibition this afternoon， shall we ？5

8、. The children spent fifty per cent of their savings on books. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_ _ did the children spend on books?答案：How, much解析：對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)，就是用一個(gè)合適的疑問(wèn)詞去替代句中的某一成分，使之成為一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句。當(dāng)對(duì)主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，用陳述句語(yǔ)序。對(duì)定語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，所修飾的名詞應(yīng)放在疑問(wèn)詞后。對(duì)其他成分提問(wèn)，用“疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序”。如：1. Tom will be back in ten days. （對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） Who will be back in ten d

9、ays?2. He writes to his father once a month. （對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） How often does he write to his father?6. The photo near the door is the best.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))_ _ is the best?答案：Which photo解析：本句用Which photo,因?yàn)閚ear the door 用作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞 photo, 容易誤認(rèn)為near the door 是地點(diǎn)而用錯(cuò) where。注意：對(duì)定語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，所修飾的名詞應(yīng)放在疑問(wèn)詞后。7. The doctor saved the

10、 sick baby in the end. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))The sick baby _ _ in the end.答案：was, saved解析：本題考查主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間轉(zhuǎn)換，特別要注意時(shí)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。如：1). People grow rice in the south of China. Rice _is_ _grown _ in the south of China. rice作主語(yǔ)，助動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的單數(shù)形式is。2). Everyone should give back his library books on time. Library books should

11、 _be_ _given_ back on time.被動(dòng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should，因此助動(dòng)詞用be。8. The fish will go bad, so youd better put it in the fridge. (保持原句意思不變)The fish will go bad _ you _ put it in the fridge.答案：if, dont解析：考查條件復(fù)合句。要熟悉“保持句意”的改寫(xiě)，如簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句的轉(zhuǎn)換，兩句并一句，形容詞，副詞比較等句型，不用句型的轉(zhuǎn)換，詞語(yǔ)的不同搭配。請(qǐng)看下面的例句和分析：1). It was eleven oclock when he

12、finished his homework last night.He finish his homework it was eleven oclock.本句是改為not until 句型，用didnt, until.2). He is the tallest in his class.No one in his class is as as he.本句是最高級(jí)句型改為原等級(jí)句型，用else, tall.3). He didnt make as many mistakes in his homework as you.He mistakes in his homework you.本句是 as

13、(so)as 句型改為用帶than的句型，用made fewerthan. mistakes 是可數(shù)名詞，別誤用修飾不可數(shù)名詞的less。4). These stamps belong to my elder brother.These stamps are elder .原句中的belong to 改為are ，動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換，用法不同，應(yīng)用brothers.5). The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.The box isnt for me to carry.本句是復(fù)合句改為簡(jiǎn)單句，且否定結(jié)構(gòu)的位置有變化，需要用heavy的反義詞，故用light en

14、ough,誤用成tooto結(jié)構(gòu)。6). The question is very difficult. No one can answer it.The question is difficult answer.本句為兩句合并成一句，原句有否定意義，應(yīng)用toofor anyone to,別誤用成so that anybody can. 如answer后it,才可用sothat結(jié)構(gòu)，因tooto結(jié)構(gòu)句子是簡(jiǎn)單句，而so.that是復(fù)合句。英語(yǔ)中考改寫(xiě)句子題目中，一般每句填寫(xiě)兩個(gè)詞，很少有上面一些例句中填寫(xiě)一個(gè)或三個(gè)詞的題目。7). She was so weak that she couldnt

15、 take care of her baby. She was _ weak _ take care of her baby. 本句為tooto結(jié)構(gòu)。原句意思是：她身體太弱，不能照顧孩子。tooto 句型表示“太以致于(不能)”之意。8). The film began 20 minutes ago. The film has been _ _ 20 minutes. 本句考查涉及針對(duì)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)間的轉(zhuǎn)換，應(yīng)特別注意非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法。答案on for。短暫動(dòng)詞begin，在此意為“(電影) 開(kāi)始(放映、上演) ”，不能與延續(xù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，將begin

16、 改成be on。has been提示時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)， “for+時(shí)間段” 表示“持續(xù)(一段時(shí)間) ”，常用在含有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子里。類(lèi)似的詞轉(zhuǎn)換有：die/ be dead; leave/be away; join/be in/be a member for；buy/have had; borrow/have kept等。9. “Will you go home tomorrow?” the mother asked her son. (保持句意不變)The mother asked her son _ he _go home the next day. 答案：whether/if;

17、would解析：直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，連接詞要用if或whether，句子保持陳述句的語(yǔ)序。10. Mr. Smith wanted to know where he could get the information. (改成簡(jiǎn)單句)Mr. Smith wanted to know _ _ get the information. 答案：where to解析：考查不定式與特殊疑問(wèn)詞what, when, where, how, which, whether連用構(gòu)成不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等。11. Tom had no time f

18、or breakfast. He went to school in a hurry. Tom _ to school _ breakfast.答案：hurried; without。介詞without有“沒(méi)有，不(帶) ”之意。解析：考查利用反義詞或用同義詞（同義詞組）對(duì)原句中的某些詞或詞組進(jìn)行替換，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)反義詞、詞組的積累和換位思維的能力。注意替換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應(yīng)。如：1). The boy lent a story-book to Tom just now.Tom _ a story-book _ the boy just now.答案：borrowe

19、d; from。borrowfrom意為“從借來(lái)”；而lendto意為“向借出”，兩個(gè)詞組正好為一組反義詞組，當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)變化時(shí)，兩個(gè)詞組可以進(jìn)行互換。2）. The factory is not far from here. It only takes you ten minutes by bike.The factory is _here. Its only ten minutes_.答案：near; bike-ride。not far的意思是“不遠(yuǎn)，近”，可用形容詞near與之轉(zhuǎn)換。3）. I think music is less interesting than P.E. I _th

20、ink music is _interesting than P.E.答案：dont; more。less interesting的意思是“沒(méi)有 / 不及有趣”，與之相反more interesting的意思是“(比) 更有趣”。 語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象“否定的轉(zhuǎn)移”要求將think后面賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到think 上。4). The bike under the tree is different from this one.The bike under the tree isnt the _ _this one.答案：same as。the same as意為“與相同”，而反義詞組 be dif

21、ferent from 意為“與不同”。 5). Mrs Green always takes good care of the children in the school. Mrs Green always _ _ the children well in the school.答案：looks after。take good care of 與look afterwell都有“好好照顧”之意。6). I like Backstreet Boys. But he likes F4 better.He_ F4_ Backstreet Boys.答案:prefers, to。詞組prefer

22、A to B 意為“選擇A(而不選擇B)；比起 B 來(lái)，更喜歡A”。7). They enjoyed themselves at the garden party. They _ _ _ _ at the garden party. 答案：had a good time。enjoy oneself同have a good time都有“玩得很高興，愉快”之意。 12. Lucy cant sing the English song Yesterday Once More. And Lily cant sing it, either. （保持句意不變）_ Lucy_ Lily can sing

23、the English song Yesterday Once More. 答案：Neither; nor。表示 “(兩者) 都不”。 解析：考查利用連詞改寫(xiě)句子。運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞(組) both.and, neither.nor, either.or, not only.but also, as well as等，可將并列句或兩個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，注意neither.nor, either.or, not only.but also作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”，與最鄰近的那個(gè)名詞或代詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。如：1). Alice has seen the film twice. Sandy h

24、as seen it twice, too. _ Alice_ Sandy have seen the film twice.答案: Both; and。bothand 表示“(兩者)都”。2). This store sells mens shoes, and it also sells mens clothes. This store sells _ _ mens shoes _ _ mens clothes.答案: not only; but also。not only.but also示“不僅而且”之意。近幾年上海英語(yǔ)中考句型轉(zhuǎn)換歸類(lèi)真題：A. 改成反義疑問(wèn)句1. They could

25、 hardly believe the news.They could hardly believe the news, ？2. Mary bought some shampoo in the supermarket.Mary bought some shampoo in the supermarket. ?3. Tom didnt take part in the after-school activity yesterday.Tom didnt take part in the after-school activity yesterday, ?66. Let's take a p

26、icture in front of the fountain.(2009) Let's take a picture in front of the fountain, ？答案：1. could they 2. didnt she 3. did he shall we B. 改成一般疑問(wèn)句1. I enjoy individual sports._you _ individual sports?2. We do eye exercise every day. _ you eye exercise every day?3. Every Monday morning Mr. Johnso

27、n has a meeting._ Mr. Johnson _ a meeting every Monday morning?4. He set the alarm clock for seven. _he the alarm clock for seven?5. Alan often does housework after school._ Alan often housework after school?6. They work on the farm with their parents every weekend.(2009) they on the farm with their

28、 parents every weekend?7. Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet. (2010)Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet, _ _?8. Peter often helps in the house at the weekend. (2010)_ Peter often _ in the house at the weekend?答案：1. Do enjoy 2. Do do 3. Does have 4. Did set 5. Does

29、do 6. Do work 7. does she 8. Does help C. 改成否定句：1. The captain worked at the South Pole last year.The captain _ _ at the South Pole last year.2. Alice attends the lecture once a week.Alice _ _the lecture once a week.3. Peter collected some old coins two years ago.Peter _ collect _ old coins two year

30、s ago.4. Youd better go to see him off at the railway station.Youd better _ _ to see him off at the railway station.5. The old man realized that too much salt was harmful to health. The old man _ _ that too much salt was harmful to health.6. Sam wants to look for a job in London after he graduates f

31、rom university. Sam _ _ to look for a job in London after he graduates from university.7. Tell Harry the news when you see him, please._ _ Harry the news when you see him, please.8. We keep in touch with each other by email. (2011)We _ _ in touch with each other by email.答案：1. didnt work 2. doesnt a

32、ttend 3. didnt any 4. not go 5. didnt realize 6. doesnt want 7. Dont tell dont keepD. 改為感嘆句。1. Your dormitory is very bright._ _ your dormitory is!2. Nanjing Road Walkway looks very beautiful at night!_ _ Nanjing Road Walkway looks at night!3. It is very convenient to travel by underground!_ _ it is

33、 to travel by underground!4. Yao Ming is an excellent Chinese basketball player._ _ excellent Chinese basketball player Yao Ming is!67. The beach is a nice place for tourists. (2011)_ _ nice place the beach is for tourists!答案：1. How bright 2. How beautiful 3. How convenient 4. What anWhat aE. 對(duì)劃線部分提

34、問(wèn)。1. I was born in 1980.(95)_ _ you born?2.The teacher had a meeting yesterday.(96)_ _ the teachers have a meeting?3.The postage is three yuan and six jiao.(97)_ _is the postage?4.We had learned six pop songs by the end of last week.(98)_ _ pop songs had you learned by the end of last week?5. He wen

35、t to the hospital to have a check on eyesight.(99)_ _ he go to the hospital?6. We have a class meeting once a week.(00)_ _ do you have a class meeting?7. At the age of five, Martin weighed 25 kilos.(02)_ _ did Martin weigh at the age of five?8. He lost the key to his bike on his way to the lecture.(

36、03)_ did he _ on his way to the lecture?9. The American spacecraft Galileo travelled and worked in space for 14 years.（04）_ _did the American spacecraft Galileo travel and work in space?10. London held the first World Expo in 1851. (05)_ did London _ the first Word Expo?11. The students projects wil

37、l be on show in three days. (06)_ _ will the students projects be on show ?12. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have already been to China twice.（07） _ _ times have Mr. and Mrs. Brown been to China?13. Mr Smith has taught in our school for three years.(08)_ _ has Mr Smith taught in our school?14. The Shanghai Int

38、ernational Arts Festival is held once a year.(2009) is the Shanghai International Arts Festival held?15.We used to stay in a hotel by the sea on family holidays. (2010)_ _ you use to stay on family holidays?16. Our school organizes an English speech contest once a year. (2011)_ _ does your school or

39、ganize an English speech contest?答案：1. When were 2. When did 3. How much 4. How many 5. Why did 6. How often 7. How much 8. What lose 9. How long 10. When hold 11. How soon 12. How often 13. How long 14. How often 15. Where did 16. How oftenF. 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1. They took the wounded soldier to the field hos

40、pital.(95)The wounded soldier _ _ to the field hospital.2. We can store a lot of information in the computer.(96)A lot of information _ _ stored in the computer.3. Where did they grow vegetables?（00）Where _ vegetables _?4. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs(分貝)here. ( 02)The noise must _ _ under 50

41、 dbs here,5. We publish our school newspaper twice a month. (05)Our school newspaper _ _ twice a month.6. The terrible earthquake destroyed thousands of houses in that area. （08）Thousands of houses in that area _ _ by the terrible earthquake.69. The university will invite many graduates to celebrate

42、 its 100th birthday. (2011)Many graduates will _ _ by the university to celebrate its 100th birthday.答案：1. was taken 2. can be 3. were grown 4. be kept 5. is published 6. were destroyed be invitedG. 改為簡(jiǎn)單句：1. I dont know when we shall leave for Nanjing.(00)I dont know when _ _ for Nanjing.2. The wate

43、r was so dirty that we couldn't drink it. (01)The water was_ dirty for us _drink.3. The poor child was so lucky that she received many books from Project Hope. (05)The poor child was _ _ to receive many books from Project Hope.4. Can you tell me when I should water the flowers ? (06)Can you tell

44、 me _ _ water the flowers?5. I have no idea how I can operate the new machine. (2009) I have no idea operate the new machine.6.Visitors love this city because it has historical sights and delicious food. (2010Visitors love this city _ _ its historical sights and delicious food.答案：1. to leave 2. too

45、to 3. lucky enough 4. when to 5. how to 6. because of H. 改為復(fù)合句：1. The words on the notice board are very small.I cant see them clearly.(97)The words on the notice board are_ small _ I cant see them clearly.答案：so that I. 合并為一句。1. Tim doesnt collect coins. Jack doesnt collect coins, either.(95)Neither

46、 Tim _ Jack _ coins.2. She is tall and thin. She has long hair. (01)She is _ tall and thin girl _long hair.3. Betty likes taking a bus to work. She likes taking an underground to work better.(05)Betty _ taking an underground _ taking a bus to work.4. Will Bob join the swimming club? Please tell me.（

47、07）Please tell me _ Bob _ join the swimming.5. He was very nervous. He couldn't go on with the job interview.(2009) He was nervous go on with the job interview.6.Chris has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.Karen has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup, too. (2010)_ Ch

48、ris _ Karen have gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.7. Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know. (2011)The sales manager wants to know _ there _ any new markets in Asia.答案：1. nor collects 2. a with 3. prefers to 4. if/whether will5. too to 6. Both and 7. If/wh

49、ether areJ. 保持原句意思。1. The boy was too frightened to say a word.(95)The boy was _ frightened _ he couldnt say a word. 2. Mrs. Smith prefers milk to coffee.(96)Mrs. Smith likes milk _ _ coffee.3. The motorcycle is Mr. Clarks.(96)The motorcycle _ _ Mr. Clark.4. How is the weather today?(97)_ the weathe

50、r _today?5. Our foreign teacher will go back home tomorrow. Well say goodbye to him at the airport.(98)Our foreign teacher will go back home tomorrow. Well _ him _at the airport.6. In some states of America, children must stay in school until they are sixteen.(98)In some states of America, children

51、_ _ school until they are sixteen.7. Aunt Li asked me to take care of her little son while she was out.(99)I was asked to _ _ Aunt Lis little son while she was out.8. Mrs. White told Tom that he mustnt throw paper on the ground.(99)Mrs. White told Tom _ _throw paper on the ground.9. Mary works very hard