(完整word版)2018年中考英語(yǔ)試題分類匯編：專題9、短文填空6.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1、（2018 浙江杭州）第二節(jié)：（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容 (1 個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答 案填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。Next time you hold a book in your han ds, stop and think. Like most other thi ngs in the moder nworld, it is the result of thousa nds of years of huma n inven ti on.First, came the invention of writing, _ 5

2、1_ (probable) about 5500 year ago. Withwriti ng, people did not have to remember everyth ing in their heads. They could com muni cate withpeople that they never_52_ (see) and share their knowledge with futuregen erati ons.Later, the Greeks were well-done for their literature(文學(xué))and scienee, but thei

3、r “ books lookedvery different_53 _the books of today. They were called scrolls(卷車由).They weredifficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 54_ (inven t).For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That cha n

4、gedin_55_ thirtee nth cen tury, whe n Europea ns lear ned about a very_ 56 (use)Chinese invention: paper.But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg inven tedthe prin ti ng press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive.Many

5、more people could afford the books _ 57_were produced on a printingpress.These days it is difficult_ 58_ (imagi ne) a world without books. But huma n inven ti ondoes not stop. Every year, more_ 59_(story) are bought as e-books and read on a scree n.Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in

6、 the future, _60_ will books, likescrolls, soon disappear?【解題思路】51. probably 考查副詞。大概 5500 年以前是句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故填probably。句意：首先來(lái)說(shuō)一下寫作的由來(lái)，大概在 5500 年以前。52. saw 考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處的 saw 是定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，考慮時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)主句中的could判斷從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填saw。句意：他們能夠與他們從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)的人們交流，和子孫后代們分享他們的知識(shí)。53. from/to/than 考查介詞。be different from/to/than表示 與.不同”句意

7、：后來(lái)，希臘人因他們的文學(xué)和科學(xué)而著名，但是他們的書籍”看起來(lái)和現(xiàn)在的書籍非常不同。54. were inven ted 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。書和發(fā)明之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，books 是復(fù)數(shù)，故填 wereinvented。句意：大約2000 年以前，有很多書頁(yè)的書被發(fā)明了。55. the 考查冠詞。in the+序數(shù)詞+century 表示 在第幾世紀(jì)”序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞the。句意：書頁(yè)由獸皮制作的那種現(xiàn)象在13 世紀(jì)發(fā)生改變。56. useful 考查形容詞。invention 是名詞，發(fā)明，形容詞修飾名詞，故填useful。句意：當(dāng)歐洲人了解到中國(guó)一個(gè)非常有用的發(fā)明紙的時(shí)候。57. that/whi

8、ch 考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是物：the books,故關(guān)系詞用 that 或 which。句意：更多的人能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起通過(guò)印刷機(jī)生產(chǎn)的書。58. to imagine 考查不定式。It is difficult to do sth.做某事是困難的。it 是形式主語(yǔ)，句子的真正主語(yǔ)是 to imagine a world without books。句意：很難想象現(xiàn)在一個(gè)沒(méi)有書的世界(是什么樣子的)。59. stories 考查名詞。story 是可數(shù)名詞，more 是 many 的比較級(jí)，故 story 變成復(fù)數(shù)形式 stories。句意：每年都有更多的故事作為電子書被購(gòu)買并在屏幕上被

9、閱讀。60. or 考查連詞。前后兩句話表示的是兩種假設(shè)，故應(yīng)填表示選擇的連詞 or。句意：將來(lái)有人會(huì)翻開(kāi)傳統(tǒng)書籍的書頁(yè)嗎？或者書，比如卷軸，很快就會(huì)消失嗎？四、（2018 山東聊城）語(yǔ)法填空（共 10 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處按要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。每空1 個(gè)個(gè)單詞。Many children love animals. And Willow Phelps is one of 61 （they）. In fact, this American littlegirl not only loves animals, but she also

10、 has done really a lot for them. And _62（連詞）she did these kindthings, she won the 2016 ASPCA （ 美國(guó)防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)）Kid of the Year.Willow 63 （love） for animals started early. When she was about 3 years old, her family tookin 64（冠詞）18-year-old cat. Under the care of Willow, the cat lived for another 3 years.A

11、fter that, many old pets arrived in Willows home. So, Willow began to make plans to help more 65_（animal）.With her mum help, Willow bega n running, swim ming and even sew ing （ 縫制）toys to_ 66（raise） money for animals in need of help. In her young life, she has 67 （successful） completed thethree proj

12、ects. Fin ally, she raised $11 ,000. She also succeeded in 68（stop）the use of live goldfish asprizes at her school party. And what she did for goldfish was_ 6 _ （notice）and rewarded （獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)）by the ASPCA .“will continue to speak up for animals no matter how hard it is,” said Willow. Willow dreams ofbeco

13、ming an ani mal doctor 70（介詞）the future. Lets hope this little girls dreamwill come true.體裁記敘文話題興趣與愛(ài)好詞數(shù)238【主旨大意】本文介紹了一名熱愛(ài)動(dòng)物、并為保護(hù)動(dòng)物而做出許多感動(dòng)人的事情的美國(guó)女孩 的故事。61. them 此空指代前句中的children，介詞 of 后跟人稱代詞賓格 them。62. because 后句是獲得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，前句應(yīng)該指獲獎(jiǎng)的原因。63. love 此空放在名詞所有格Willow 后面，應(yīng)用名詞形式。64. an 此空后面的形容詞 18-year-old 的第一個(gè)因素為元

14、音 音素，故用不定冠詞 an。65. animals 根據(jù)前面 more 可知用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。66. raise 前面有 to,此空應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，表示目的。67. successfully 此空修飾動(dòng)詞 completed 應(yīng)用副詞形式。68. stopping succeed in doing sth.為固定搭配，意為成功地做某事”，故用 stopping。69. noticed 根據(jù) and 后面的 rewarded 可知應(yīng)用同樣的動(dòng)詞 過(guò)去分詞形式構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。70. in in the future 為固定搭配，意為將來(lái)”。五、(2018 山東濰坊)詞匯應(yīng)用(共 12

15、 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 12 分) 閱讀下面的短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，必要時(shí)可加助動(dòng)詞。I live in Pennsylvania. It is a 1( north) state of America, which is the 33rd_2(large) state in America. You might know some of the cities, like Philadelphia, Pittsburgh andAllentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little m

16、ore about my state.Several Indian tribes (部落)lived in Pennsylvania before 3( Europe) came. The Dutchcame first, 4(follow ) by Sweden. England started colonies (殖民地)later. After a few fights,they _5_ (take) control of the land.Pennsylvania 6(give) to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania go

17、t its name.Pennsylvania was the 7(two) to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia 8(be) animportant city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too! Today, Penn sylva nia is sometimesregarded as the sn ack capital of the coun try. It is famous for sn acks, like pretzels

18、and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces.There is also Hershey, which is well _9(know ) as the chocolate company.There are steel compa nies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are ple nty of things10 ( do) in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams. Pennsylvania has 121 state par

19、ks, and they all have free11(enter) . Hunting is popular here, too.Are you thinking about 12(visit) the state?體裁說(shuō)明文話題地點(diǎn)介紹詞數(shù)256【主旨大意】本短文是一篇城市介紹，介紹了賓夕法尼亞州的概況。1. northern【解析】句意：它是美國(guó)北部的一個(gè)州。在句中缺少形容詞本題中缺少形容詞北方的”，north 變?yōu)?northern，修飾 state.2.largest【解析】句意：美國(guó)第三十三大州。表示三者以上用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式。本 句結(jié)構(gòu)是 the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)

20、名詞單數(shù)+in 短語(yǔ)(第幾)3. Europea ns【解析】句意：在歐洲人到來(lái)之前，有幾個(gè)印第安部落住在賓夕法尼亞。表示歐洲人”用 Europea n,又結(jié)合句意，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以填寫Europea ns。4.followed【解析】句意：緊隨其后的是瑞典。根據(jù)上下文知，本句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)， 所以填過(guò)去式。5.took【解析】句意：經(jīng)過(guò)幾次戰(zhàn)斗，他們控制了這塊土地。由于講述的是歷史，發(fā)生 在過(guò)去的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，即 took。6. was give n【解析】句意：賓夕法尼亞后來(lái)被授予Penn 家族。主謂語(yǔ)存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提示用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)

21、態(tài)形式。7.seco nd/2nd【解析】句意：賓夕法尼亞是第二個(gè)加入該國(guó)的國(guó)家。表示“第二個(gè)”用 序數(shù)詞 second。8. has been!解析】句意：自殖民地成立以來(lái)，費(fèi)城一直是一個(gè)重要的城市?！皊ince the colonywas foun ded. ”知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是費(fèi)城，所以填寫has beer。9. known【解析】句意：也有赫爾希，這是眾所周知的巧克力公司。短語(yǔ)be known as 意為“被認(rèn)為是，；以著稱”。10. to do【解析】句意：在賓夕法尼亞有很多事情要做。動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。11.entry/entranee 【解析】 句意： 它們都有免費(fèi)的

22、入口。 結(jié)合句子， 此處應(yīng)該填寫名詞表 示“入口”， 故填寫 entry/entrance。12. visiting【解析】句意：你在考慮訪問(wèn)這個(gè)州嗎？介詞后加動(dòng)名詞形式，即填寫 visiting。(2018?山東棗莊)第二節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空(共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分閱讀下面材料，把答案寫在答題卡第n卷46-55 小題的橫線上，有的答案要填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容，有的答案要用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，但每個(gè)答案補(bǔ)多于3 個(gè)單詞。You have 46 (probable) never heard of Amy Hayes, 47 she is a most unu sual woma n.

23、She n ever throws away thingswe48 (n eed) any more. She has alwaysthought about how these things 49 (put) to good use. She thinks that nothing is a waste, The win dows and doors of herhouse come from old build ing around her tow n50 werepulled dow n. The top of 51 is an old boat 52(tur n) upside dow

24、 n. And the gate ismade 53 rocks and old glass bottles. Amy isn only one who is good at _ 54(recycle). Jessica Wong used old clothes to make bags. She 55 (do) this for a few years.Her bags are cute and useful.【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Amy Hayes 的環(huán)保故事，像 Amy 一樣，Jessica Wong 也用舊衣服來(lái)制作包包，重視環(huán)保。46. probably【解析

25、】修飾動(dòng)詞 heard，用副詞 probably。47. but【解析】前后表示關(guān)系，用but。48. donneed【解析】根據(jù)句意及后面的any more 可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的否定形式。49. can be put【解析】these things 與 put 之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知，用情態(tài)的動(dòng)詞 的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填 can be put。50. that/ which【解析】building 是先行詞，指物，關(guān)系代詞用that 或 which。51. it/the house/her house【解析】根據(jù)前面提到的房子，故填it/the house/her house。52. tu

26、rned【解析】過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾an old boat，和 boat 存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。故填turnedo53. of【解析】be made of “由. 制成”是固定短語(yǔ)。54. recycling【解析】be good at doing sth.表示擅長(zhǎng)做某事”。55. has been doing【解析】根據(jù)后面的 this for a few years 可知，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。第三節(jié)(2018 四川樂(lè)山)完成短文和對(duì)話(共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分)A) (2018 四川樂(lè)山)閱讀下面短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。A husba nd and w

27、ife were drivi ng dow n a country road on their way to visit some frien ds. As they came to a muddy (泥濘的)part of the road, their car 81 (break) down.They tried to get the car out by themselves, but it didn rk. Then they ssiw tawfarmer _82 (come) down the road. He wasdriving some oxen ( 牛).He stopped

28、 when he saw the couple was in trouble. He said he would pull the car out of the mud for$20 (130 yua n). They agreed and minu tes 83_(late) the car was free.The farmer turned to the husband and said, “ Youknow, you rihe 84 (ten) car I ve helped out of the mud today.”The husba nd looked around at the

29、 large land and asked the farmer,“ When do you havetimeto plow (犁)all your 85 (field) ?At night?”“ No, ” the farmer an swered,I put the water in the hole at ni ght!”體裁記敘文話題故事詞數(shù)179【主旨大意】 本文是一篇記敘文。本文講敘了一對(duì)夫婦開(kāi)車去鄉(xiāng)下拜訪一些朋友。在泥濘的鄉(xiāng)間小路上，他們的車陷入了泥潭里。接下來(lái)的事情出乎了他們的意外。81. broke 句意：當(dāng)他們來(lái)到一段泥濘小路時(shí)，他們的車拋錨了。句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用了一般過(guò)去

30、時(shí)，主句也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去式，故答案為broke。82. comi ng 句意：然后他們看見(jiàn)一位農(nóng)民走了過(guò)來(lái)。see sb doing sth 意為看見(jiàn)某人做某事”故答案為 comi ng。83. later 句意：他們同意了，幾分鐘后他們的車沒(méi)事了。Later 用于一段時(shí)間之后表示 “在之后”，故答案為 later。84. ten th 句意：你知道，你是我今天幫助把車拖出泥潭的第十輛車?！暗谑v車”應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞，故答案為 ten tho85. fields 句意：你什么時(shí)候有時(shí)間犁你所有的田呢？field 是可數(shù)名詞，“你所有的田”應(yīng)用all your fields，故答案為 field。第一節(jié) 綜合填空（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）（2018 四川宜賓）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)音標(biāo)、單詞、首字母和語(yǔ)境提示。在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填 入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，要求意義準(zhǔn)確、拼寫正確。In China