小學(xué)英語名詞講解與練習(xí)(共6頁)

1、名詞名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞，其中可數(shù)名詞具有單、復(fù)數(shù)的形式；而不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。可數(shù)名詞：規(guī)則變化： 1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books，bag-bags，cat-cats，bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses，box-boxes，watch-watches，brush-brushes，glass-glasses，dress-dresses3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families（家庭），butterfly-butterflies（蝴蝶），lady-ladies，straw

2、berry-strawberries（草莓）注意：“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，直接加-s，如：day-days，boy-boys4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives，leaf-leaves（落葉），wolf-wolves（狼），shelf-shelves（架子），half-halves（一半），thief-thieves（小偷） 注意：特殊情況直接加s：gulf-gulfs（海灣），roof-roofs（屋頂），belief-beliefs（信仰），proof-proofs（證據(jù)）此處知道即可，暫時不用記不規(guī)則變化：1 man-men，woman-wom

3、en， policeman（男警察）-policemen， policewoman（女警察）-policewomen， mouse-mice，child（孩子）-children，foot-feet，tooth-teeth（牙齒），ox-oxen（公牛）2 fish-fish（魚）, sheep（羊）-sheep，deer-deer，Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese， people-people（人，人們）注意：fish：當(dāng)一條魚講時，單復(fù)數(shù)同形，如three fish.當(dāng)各種各樣的魚講時，即強調(diào)魚的種類時，要加es. ,如：all kinds of fish

4、es .各種各樣的魚  當(dāng)魚肉講時，不可數(shù)。people：當(dāng)people后加上s時即peoples表示“民族”例如：There are 56 peoples in China. 中國有56個民族。實記： tomato-tomatoes（西紅柿），potato-potatoes（土豆），hero-heroes（英雄）negro-negroes（黑人），volcano-volcanoes（火山） zoo-zoos，photo-photos不可數(shù)名詞water(水) 、milk(牛奶)、 tea(茶) 、rice(米飯)、juice（果汁）、bread（面包），soup（湯），h

5、air，meat，news（消息），work（工作），paper（紙），weather（天氣），luck（運氣），grass（草）中日不變，英法變，其余s加后面 German-Germans(德國人)1be 動詞遇到名詞時的運用: 單數(shù)名詞用is, 復(fù)數(shù)名詞用are.2可數(shù)名詞可以和冠詞a/an連用，不可數(shù)名詞前不可以用冠詞a/an. a和an均用在單數(shù)名詞之前，表示某一類人或事物中的"一個"，相當(dāng)于漢語的"一"，但不強調(diào)數(shù)目觀念。a用在輔音（音素）之前，an用在元音（音素）之前。如：a notebook一個筆記本，a book一本書，an old ma

6、n一位老人，an English class一堂英語課。字母u讀作ju:時，由于第一個音j是輔音，故前面用a，不用an。如：a useful book一本有用的書，a university一所大學(xué)。字母h如不發(fā)音，第一個音又是元音，前面用an而不用a，如an hour一小時，an honest person一個誠實的人。3 many+可數(shù)名詞、much +不可數(shù)名詞 （表示數(shù)量很多）few+可數(shù)名詞、little+不可數(shù)名詞 （表示數(shù)量極少）沒幾個a few+可數(shù)名詞、a little+不可數(shù)名詞（表示數(shù)量極少）有幾個some, any , a lot of、lots of既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞又

7、可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞4、對可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問用how many 對不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問用 how much How many books do you have？How much milk does he drink in the morning？5、可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量可以直接用數(shù)詞來修飾 如：two students（兩個學(xué)生）也可用many、a few 、some、any、a lot of ,lots of  ,most of 等修飾。不可數(shù)名詞的量有以下兩種表示方法： 1）用much ,a little ,some，any，a lot of a lot of ,lots o

8、f  ,most of等表示多少。 如There is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。 I'll tell you much good news.我要告訴你許多好消息。 2） 用單位詞表示。 （用a . of 表示。） 如a cup of （一杯.），a bottle of （一瓶.） a piece of （一張.），a pair of shoes（一雙鞋） two cups of tea（兩杯茶）,five pieces of paper（五張紙） 名詞的所有格 有些名詞的可以加s來表示所有關(guān)系，帶這種詞尾的名詞的形式稱為該名詞的所有格

9、。 如Mary's father(瑪麗的父親) 、Jim's mother(吉姆的母親) 。與所有格相對來看，不帶這種詞尾的形式就稱為普通格。 1)單數(shù)名詞詞尾加s，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾如沒有s，也要加s。 如Tom's knife(湯姆的小刀) children's books(兒童書籍) 2)表示幾個人共有一樣?xùn)|西，只需在最后一個人名字后加s，如果表示各自所有，則需在各個名字后加s。 如Jim and Mike's room吉姆和麥克(共用)的房間   Jim's and Mike's rooms吉姆和麥克(各自)的房間 3)若名詞

10、已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s，只加"'"即可。 如the students' reading-room(學(xué)生閱覽室) Everyone needs to have at least eight hours' sleep a night. 每個人每晚需要至少8小時的睡眠。 表示時間和地點的名詞where is today's newspaper?  今天的報紙在哪兒？ an hour's walk isn't far. 一小時的路程不遠(yuǎn)。練習(xí)題一、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，無復(fù)數(shù)用/表示。 I _this _that_watch _ d

11、iary_day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _ peach_ sandwich _man_ paper_ juice_water_milk_rice_tea_二、填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1.  I have two_ (knife)2.  There are many _ here. (box)3.  There are many _ on the road. (bus)4.  A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy)5.  The

12、 _ are playing football now. (child)三、選擇a或an或不填（用/表示）           pen                      bag        

13、    apple                    big apple          banana              &#

14、160;   water         oranges                   pen   四、選擇填空1、Best wishes to you for_ Day! A、Teachers B、Teachers C、Teacher2、Many childre

15、n like to go to the_Palace on Sunday. A、Children B、Childrens C、Childrens3、This is_ room. Its very big. A、Lily and Lucys B、Lilys and Lucys C、Lilys and Lucy4、We visited_house yesterday. A、Tom B、Toms C、Toms5. The hospital is a bit far from here. It's about _ . A. forty minutes's walk B. forty m

16、inute's walk C. forty minutes walk D. forty minutes' walk<一>、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 21、sheep <二>、選擇填空1、There on the wall

17、.They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos2. How many _ do you see in the picture?A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato3. _ and _ are not friends.A. Foxswolfs B. Foxeswolfs C. Foxeswolves4. Thats art book. A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys get .A. two

18、bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread6. The old man wants .A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river.A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. There two in the box.A. is watch B. are watche

19、s C. are watch D. is watches9. We should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10. They come from different _A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys11. They are_. A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher12. Would you like _ ,please?A.

20、two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters13. These are the _ of our national _.A. photos heroes B. photoes heroes C. photos heros 14. There are some _ in these _. A.knifespencil-boxes B.knivespencils-box C.knivespencil-box D.knivespencils-boxes15. The

21、re is no _ in the plate.A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs16. _ are good for our health.A. Tomatos B. Tomatoes C. Tomato17. I like to eat cake with _.A. cherries B. cherry（櫻桃） C.cherrys18. The _ are running on the _.A. deer grasses B. deers grass C. deer grass19. I was so hungry and I eat two _.A.

22、 bowls of noodle B. bowls of noodles C. bowl of noodles 20. How many _ are there in your class ? A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian21. Most of _ live in _.A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany<三>、將以下單復(fù)數(shù)句進行轉(zhuǎn)換1 This is a knife._2 That is a tom

23、ato._3 That child is very good._4 These are mice._5 Those are children._<四>、選擇正確的詞形1 How many (radioes, radios) can you see?2 There are 36 (boys, boies) in my class.3 Look at those (sheeps, sheep).4 I dont want (a, an) old cup.5 Give me that (box, boxes), please.1）寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 1bag _ 2orange _

24、 3family _ 4wish _ 5shelf _ 6knife _ 7key _ 8baby _ 9tooth _ 10foot _ 11woman _ 12sheep _ 13Japanese _ 14potato _ 15radio _ 16child _ 17fish _ 18photo _ 19Frenchman _ 20man doctor _ 21.watch _ 22. bus _ 23. sheep _ 24. foot _ 25.birthday _ 26.housewife _27.walkman _28.mouse _ 29.beach_2）請用括號中名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式

25、填空1 Look at those _. (child) 2 I can see a _ standing near the door. (policeman)3 Do you want some _ for dinner? (potato)4 In autumn, you can see a lot of _ on the ground.(leaf)5 He has two _.One is blue , the other is yellow.( box)6 Two _ live in this building .( family )3）選詞填空1、I want three_white

26、paper. A、pieces B、piece of C、pieces of2、Do you want to drink much_ ? A、a milk B、milk C、milks3、Do you want some_for supper? A、a potato B、potatoes C、potatos4、In autumn，you can see a lot of_on the ground. A、leaf B、leafs C、leaves5、My sister has two_ . One is old，the other is new. A、a watch B、watchs C、watches6. There are some _ on the hill.A. sheeps B. a sheep C. sheep D. sheepes7. There are some new books in the school library. They are _ books.A. child B. childrens' C. children D. children's8. The hospital is a bit far from here. It's a