狀語從句中的時態(tài)對應

1、主句謂語動詞為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，則從句動詞可根據(jù)需要使用任何時態(tài)；主句謂語動詞為過去時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)一般是過去范疇的時態(tài)，其中有如下幾種 情況要注意：1. 當從句的動作與主句的動作同時發(fā)生，從句中一般用一般過去時或過去進行 時。2. 從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之后，從句時態(tài)用過去將來時。3. 從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，從句時態(tài)用過去完成時。主將從現(xiàn)原則在if，uni ess等詞引導的條件狀語從句;在 when，till/until，as soon as before，after，as, while，each time, the moment 等詞引導的時間狀語從句；在 no matter + wh-

2、，however，whatever，whenever，even if/even though, so long as, on condition that等引導的讓步狀語從句 中，若主句為一般將來時（或包含情態(tài)動詞/祈使句），從句謂語動詞常用一般現(xiàn) 在時表示將來；若主句為過去將來時，從句謂語動詞通常用一般過去時態(tài)代替過去將來時態(tài)。e.g. I will call you as soon as she arrives.當她來的時候，我就打電話給你。If it clears up, we will go to the park.如果天晴的話，我們就去公園。I will not let them i

3、n, whoever they are.不管他們是誰，我都不會讓他們進來。（2008 全國U, 14）If their marketing plans succeed, theytheir sales by 20 percent.A. will in crease B. have bee n in creas ing C. have in creased D. would be in creas ing特定引導詞及句式的時態(tài)I . sincesince引導的時間狀語 從句為一般過去時，主句中的時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在 完成進行時。e.g. Jenny has had ano ther babsi

4、 nee I saw her last.從上次我見到Jenny以來，她又生了一個孩子。I have bee n lear ning En glishs ince I was in Grade 3.自從上三年級以來，我一直在學英語。The girl told her father she had bee n ills ince she came home.那個女孩告訴她父親，自從回到家她就一直在生病。Note: It + be + 一段時間+ since 中，若主句為一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時，從 句常用一般過去時；如果主句為一般過去時，從句則常用過去完成時。e.g. It is more tha

5、n three years nominee I saw her last.自此我上次見到她，我們已有三年多沒見面了。It has been three yearsince I was in Beijing.我不在北京已經(jīng)三年了。(1988全國)They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I a good drink.A. had enjo yedB. was enjoying C. enjo yedD. had bee n enjoyingn. beforebefore

6、引導的時間狀語 從句若是過去時，主句可用一般過去時或過去完成時。e.g. He closed the doorbefore he left the classroom.他在離開教室之前關上了門。We had bee n to four citiesbefore he came to join us.他來加入我們之前我們已經(jīng)去了四個城市了。Note: before的常用句型It will (wo nt) be + 時間段 / lo ng + before + 一般現(xiàn)在時It was （was nt） + 時間段 /Io ng + before + 一般過去時（2008 北京，34）Im sorr

7、y youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some timeBrian getsback.A. before B. since C. tillD. after川.by the timeby the time指到某一點時間為止，主句 常用完成時態(tài)。一般情況下，如果 從 句表示的是過去時間，主句常用過去完成時；如果從句表示的是將來時間， 主句則常用將來完成時。e.g. By the time you come here tomorrow, will have fini shed this work.你明天來這兒的時候，我將已經(jīng)完成此工作了。By

8、 the time he was 15he had travelled to more tha n 12 coun tries.到15歲為止，他已經(jīng)去過12個國家了。By the time he went abroad he was 15. 他出國那年15歲。（2002上海）He will have lear ned En glish for eight years by the time hefrom the uni versityn ext year.A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduateiv.no sooner. than ，hardly / scarcely / barely when引導的時間狀語從句，其 主句通常用過去完成時，從句通常用一般過去時。e.g. Hardly had he arrivedwhe n she started complai ni