英文小說從要素分析報(bào)告

1、實(shí)用文檔Elements of Fiction - A BriefIntroductionA. Primary Elements: Plot, Character, Theme, Points of View, Symbol, SettingB. Secondary Elements: Imagery, Irony, Style & Tone, Exposition1. Plot - the sequence of events or incidents of which the story is composed/the arrangement of events that make up

2、a story/the complete pattern or design of the work.A. Conflict is a clash of actions, ideas, desires or wills.a. Person against person.b. Person against environment - external force, physical nature,文案大全實(shí)用文檔society, or fate.c. Person against herself/himself - conflict with some element in her/his ow

3、n nature; maybe physical, mental, emotional, or moral.d. Person against God-Greek mythology.B. Artistic Unity - essential to a good plot; nothing irrelevant that does not contribute to the total meaning; nothing that is there only for its own sake or its own excitement.C. Plot Manipulation and Fabul

4、ation - a good plot should not have any unjustified or unexpected turns or twists, no false leads, and no文案大全實(shí)用文檔deliberate and misleading information; fabulation is the introduction of the fabulous or unrealistic or gothic elements in an otherwise realistic setting.D. Story Ending: In a Happy Endin

5、g the stereotypical expectation is that the protagonist must solve all the problems, defeat the villain, win the girl, and live happily everafter. Unfortunately, many real life situations have unhappy endings; for the writers of serious fiction, the unhappy endings are more likely to raise significa

6、nt issues concerning life and living.E. Types of Plot:a. Tragedy(noble)b. Comedy(less great/noble)文案大全實(shí)用文檔c. Romance(less great/noble)d. Satire (used to teach lesson or present a point of viewF. Use of Plot:a. The structure of its actionsb. Order: 1st, 2nd, 3rdc. To create(The author uses actions as

7、 a painter uses paints to create)d. To achieve particular words to create certain effect2. CharacterA. Direct Presentation - author tells us straight out, by exposition or analysis, or through another character.B. Indirect Presentation - author文案大全實(shí)用文檔shows us the character in action; the reader inf

8、ers what a character is like from what she/he thinks, or says, or does. These are also called dramatized characters and they are generally consistent (in behavior), motivated (convincing), and plausible (lifelike).C. Character Types - a Flat character is known by one or two traits; a Round character

9、 is complex and many-sided; a Stock character is a stereotyped character (a mad scientist, the absent-minded professor, the cruel mother-in-law); a Static character remains the same from the beginning of the plot to the end; and a Dynamic (developing) character undergoes permanent change. This chang

10、e must be a. within the possibilities of the character; b. sufficiently motivated; and c. allowed sufficient文案大全實(shí)用文檔time for change.D. Protagonist and Antagonist - the protagonist is the central character, sympathetic or unsympathetic. The forces working against her/him, whether persons, things, con

11、ventions of society, or traits of their own character, are the antagonists.3. Theme - the controlling idea or central insight. It can be 1. a revelation of human character; 2. may be stated briefly or at great length; and3. a theme is not the moral of the story.A. A theme must be expressible in the

12、form of a statement - not motherhood but Motherhood sometimes has more frustration than reward.B. A theme must be stated as a文案大全實(shí)用文檔generalization about life; names ofcharacters or specificsituationsinthe plot arenot tobe used whenstating a theme.C. A theme mustnot beageneralizationlargerthanisjust

13、ified by the terms of the story. D. A theme is the central and unifying concept of the story. It must adhere to the following requirements:1. It must account for all the major details of the story.2. It must not be contradicted by any detail of the story.3. It must not rely on supposed facts - facts not actually stated or clearly implied by the story.E. There is no one way of stating the文案大全實(shí)用文檔theme of a story.a themeDo not cover, t