大學(xué)思辨英語(yǔ)精讀備課Unit 5.doc

Unit 5 Knowledge and IgnoranceWords and phrases expected of students to understandpalpitatefive days straight wiggleleaf v. prop up on pillows/against the wallDawn broke on the doctors facerule outsocial milieuin a huddlea suggestion ofI detected a suggestion of malice in his remarks.in due coursePreparatory Work（1）SymptomCheckupDiagnosisClinicOthercough （咳嗽）prolonged emptying time （排空時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)）have an orthodiagram（拍X線片注：平常人不這么說(shuō)，就是take an X-ray）have an EKG（做心電圖）have a Fluoroaortogram (做主動(dòng)脈造影)functional （功能性的）vascular （血管的）hypertensive （高血壓的）pylorospasm (幽門(mén)痙攣)cardiomegaly （心臟肥大癥）minimal left ventricular hypertrophy (微小左心室肥厚)peripheral vascular spasticity （周?chē)墀d攣）Gastroenterology消化科Neorology( 神經(jīng)病學(xué))Neuropsychology (神經(jīng)心理學(xué))rheumatology (風(fēng)濕病學(xué))AMA (美國(guó)醫(yī)藥協(xié)會(huì))Gastro-Intestinal（胃腸道的）aortic valve （主動(dòng)脈瓣）the great arteries （主動(dòng)脈）peripheral capillary bed （周?chē)?xì)血管床）rheumatologist （風(fēng)濕病醫(yī)生）tubular function （腎小管功能）filtration fraction （濾過(guò)分?jǐn)?shù)）The following are just for your referenceThe Inadequencies of Modern Orthodiagramatic Techniques in Demonstrating Minimal Left Ventricular Hypertrophy 當(dāng)代影像技術(shù)在顯示微小左心室肥厚方面的不足之處the Diagnostic Clinic (診斷科) vs. the Therapeutic Clinic (治療科) vs. the Functional Clinic(功能科)/Mitral Valve Clinic (二尖瓣科) vs. Aortic Valve Clinic (主動(dòng)脈瓣科) (allthe clinics are made up for satirical effect)psychoneuroticist神經(jīng)心理醫(yī)生（a made-up word, possibly coined from Psychoneurosis 精神神經(jīng)病 or Neuropsychology 神經(jīng)心理學(xué)）psychosociologist社會(huì)心理醫(yī)生（a made-up word; psycho+ sociologist）pituitary osmoreceptorologist滲透壓感受器專(zhuān)家？（a word possibly coined from pituitary osmoreceptor滲透壓感受器）（2）The story was published in 1963, and in the story a doctor says its 1972, which means that the story has a futuristic setting. Its not a typical science fiction as I understand the term, for science fiction, though hard to define, usually involves wilderimaginativeconceptssuch asfuturisticscienceandtechnology,space travel,time travel,parallel universesandextraterrestrial life.Yet it may be viewed as a story of science fiction in the sense that the author makes up a futuristic settingof extremely meticulous divisions of medicine to warn against such a trend, since science fiction also means, according to science fiction writerRobert A. Heinlein, “realistic speculation about possible future events, based solidly on adequate knowledge of the real world, past and present, and on a thorough understanding of the nature and significance of the scientific method.”But, to be honest, I do think its more a satire than science fiction.（3）There are altogether 13 doctors besides the Turk. (Interesting number!)The doctor (community doctor?)-the red-headed doctor (Gastro-Intestinal man) andDr. Schultz (the Orthopedic Radiologist)-another doctor(possibly alsoOrthopedic Radiologist), who brought two more doctors (in Valve Clinic)-the Miltral man, the Aortic man, the Great Arteries man and the Peripheral Capillary Bed man-doctor in the Functional Clinic-Psychoneuroticist, Psychosociologist the Turk ( Is he really a Turk? I dont know whats his field.)（4）They are italicized for emphasis. They are to be read out aloud.Para. 9 Fifty-five The doctor shows his incredulity. He believes 55 as a critical age but the man hasnt had a checkup for almost 10 years.Para.13 you may be feeling well, it implies that the doctor doesnt believe he is actually well.Para.24 I could do that The doctor was shocked that the patient was “ignorant” to the extent that he asked only for sth. to stop the pain. According to the doctor, the root cause of the problem had to be found out first.Para. 24 moreaspirin poisoning than of cyanide poisoning The two words are emphasized to distinguish them and to let the information sink in.Para. 26 we have to think about The doctor implies that Wheatley hasnt thought much about his own health.Para. 37 I dont think so. It is implied by the emphasis that Wheatley fails to understand the word Fluoroaortogram. Para.38 Now this patient- The doctor suddenly realized his purpose of coming here. Para. 41 you mustnt worry. The doctor thinks that Wheatley has the reasons to be worried but that his worry might make the situation worse. Therefore he mustnt worry.Critical Reading: 1. Questions(1) He was very nervous.(2) He doesnt think Wheatleys complaints have much value. He has his own professional training of inquiring. (3) He is an Orthopedic Radiologist (And I think he is a colleague of Dr. Schultzs). He mentions the article in details possibly because its his recent focus of attention, or in other words he is still thinking about it when he talks. (4) I dont know for sure where he went or what brought him there. I think both the Turkish drapes and the turban are used to give an exotic flavor to that place, to form a sharp contrast with the previous “scientific” atmosphere. He might or might not be a Turk. Still we know this last resort of Wheatleys must be some branch of the “alternative medicine”, which according the Wikipedia, “is any practice that is put forward as having thehealingeffects ofmedicine, but does not originate fromevidencegathered using thescientific method.”This ending provides an alternative choice to the allegedly “scientific” modern medicine and makes it a choice Wheatley voluntarily made after being disillusioned with the modern medicine. The effect is quite satirical. 2. True or False(1) F Its satirical.(2) F Wheatley is certainly worried by the first doctors words, but not to the serious extent as is stated in this sentence. (3) F He starts to feel worried and thinks that the doctor may take the blood pressure or do other check-ups to decide whether its inflammatory or sth. else. (4) F It only occurred to him that the patient just wants sth. to stop the pain. 3. (1) B(2) C (3) DII. Critiquing the text(1) The doctors professional in the sense that he made the enquiries and diagnoses in a logical way. Of course the problem is that he always cut the patient short, relied too much on his theoretical hypotheses and wouldnt do any check-up to ascertain what was wrong with the toe. Therefore he is not a competent doctor.(2) “Interesting” here might be a euphemism for sth. tricky, sth. difficult to handle. I dont know how to answer the rest of the questions (what to make of his words, whats his real intention?)(3) Early on the doctor simply told Wheatley to go to the “Valve Clinic”, talking it for granted that Wheatley knew which valve clinic he should go. But it was unlikely for a layperson like Wheatley to know that there was a subdivision of “valve clinic” and which one was the right one for him. Fortunately, there is no “Mitral Valve Clinic”, “Aortic Valve Clinic” or even “Valve Clinic” in the real world. The author makes them up as a good example to show how unnecessarily complicated and how confusing modern medical science has become. (4) One sentence can account for all those referrals: “Always best to let the expert handle the problem in his own field.” I think the quotation might be part of the long-term professional training they have received before they become doctors. Therefore I put the blame on the unnecessary branching of modern medicine science, not on the doctors themselves. They are trained in this way. Its not their irresponsibility or sth. Actually this article helps me to develop some empathy for the doctors in past news reports about doctors asking their patients to do a thorough checkup before making their diagnoses. I used to think, like what the reporters led us to believe, that they were just trying to make more money. But this article throws new light on those cases. Now I can see why the doctors think it reasonable and even necessary to do such checkups. They are trained in this way. (5) Most of the terms and jargons are difficult to understand. The author even made up some words, usually very difficult and long words. The effect is well achieved. The reader can literally sense the feelings of awe, confusion and perplexity that Wheatley must have felt at the flow of those incomprehensible, professional, solemnly-uttered jargons. In some specialized fields like medicine, language is used as a tool to establish an unbalanced power structure in which lay people remain in a powerless and underprivileged status. The author is sensitive enough to recognize it in the real life, and wise enough to exaggerate the jargons a bit so as to make them more recognizable to his reader. (6) I read this short story as a satire on modern medicine science: it is evolving into a dead end, which sacrifices efficiency for expertise and fails to provide the cure it promises.(7) Lack of efficiency, unnecessary branching, relying too much on theories and equipments, too meticulous in making a diagnosisStudents are encouraged to come up with ways to handle the problems. Possibly more reading of literary works might help. Haha.(8) I agree thatordinary people usually remain powerless in the unbalanced relationship between experts and lay people. They are deprived of the discourse power, una