初一英語下冊知識點總結.doc

1.1. U1 Can you play the guitar?2. play+棋類/體育活動3. play chess/ play soccer4. play+the+樂器(instrument)5. play the piano/violin/drums/guitar/6. speak 講（側重開口發(fā)聲）a) speak+語言7. （Chinese/French/Japanese）8. say sth.in+語言a) speak to sb.對某人講i. May I speak to Lucy?b) speak 可以單獨在句子中使用 9. I will speak at the meeting. 10. 我將在會議中發(fā)言。11. The kid cant speak. 12. 那小孩不會說話。13. say 說（強調說的內容）a) say to sb.對某人說b) sb. said:./sb.said.14. talk 交談、談論15. talk to sb.(單方說話) 16. talk with sb.（雙方交談） 17. talk about sth. 談論某事18. tell 告訴 19. tell the truth 講事實 20. tell a joke/jokes 講笑話21. tell a story/stories講故事22. tell sb. sth./tell sth. to sb23. .告訴某人某事24. tell sb.about sth.告訴某人關于某事 25. tell sb.(not) to do sth.26. 告訴某人（不）去做某事27. want 想要v. 28. want sth. want to do sth.29. want sb.(not) to do sth.30. How /What about sth.? 31. How /What about doing sth.?32. be good at sth./doing a) do well in sth./doing 擅長做某事33. be weak in sth. / doing 34. 不擅長做某事、在某方面薄弱35. be good for sth./doing. 對有益36. be bad for sth./doing對有害37. be good/friendly to對友好 38. be good with/get on well with39. 對有辦法、與相處得好、善于打交道40. sound 聽起來v. 聲音n.41. That sounds good. 42. That sounds like a good idea.43. sound 萬物的聲音 voice人的聲音 noise 噪音44. Teachers Wanted 招聘教師45. Cooks Wanted 廚師招聘 46. Musicians Wanted 招聘音樂人47. show 演出n. 展示v48. school show學校演出49. talk show 脫口秀50. talent show 才藝演出51. flower show 花展52. show sb.sth. show sth.to sb. 53. school concert學校音樂會54. also、too、either、as well 也55. also 肯定句 實義動詞前，be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞后 句末，前有逗號56. too 肯定句、疑問句句末。前有逗號 57. as well 句末，無逗號58. either 否定句，句末，前有逗號隔開59. help 幫助 ucn. v.60. ask for some help 尋求幫助61. need help 需要幫助62. help with sth.幫著做某事 63. help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事64. help sb.with sth./doing幫助某人某事65. home、family、house66. free adj.免費的、自由的、空閑的67. Do you have time?/ Are you free?68. English-speaking69. countries/students70. 講英語的國家/學生71. spoken English 英語口語72. at the old peoples home 73. 在老人之家74. on the weekend 在周末a) on weekends在每個周末75. need76. teach sb. sth. / sth. to sb.77. call sb. at.78. music musician magic magician79. school music festival 學校音樂節(jié)80. do Kung fo 打中國功夫81. be busy with sth. / doing sthi. 忙于某事/做某事82. or 或者、否則、和（否定句）83. music/English/art/chess/swimming84. /sports/story telling club85. make friends 86. Unit 2 What time do you go to school? 87. 短語歸納88. 1. what time 幾點 2. go to school 去上學 3. get up 起床89. 4. take a shower 洗淋浴 5. brush teeth 刷牙 6. get to 到達 90. 7. do homework 做家庭作業(yè) 8. go to work 去上班 9. go home 回家 10. eat reakfast 吃早飯 11. get dressed 穿上衣服 12. get home 到家 13. eitheror 要么要么 14. go to bed 上床睡覺 91. 15. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上92. 16. take a walk 散步 17. lots of=a lot of 許多，大量 93. 18. radio station 廣播電臺 19. at night 在晚上 20. be late for=arrive late for 遲到94. 用法集萃1. at + 具體時間點 在幾點（幾分） 2. eat breakfast/ lunch/dinner吃早飯/午飯/晚飯3. thirtyhalf past +基數(shù)詞 點半 4. fifteena quarter to +基數(shù)詞 差一刻到點5. take a/an +名詞 從事活動6. from to 從到 7. need to do sth 需要做某事1. 典句必背95. 1. What time do you usually get up? I usually get up at six thirty.96. 2. Thats a funny time for breakfast. 97. 3. When do students usually eat dinner? a) They usually eat dinner at a quarter to seven in the evening.98. 4. In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games.99. 5. At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch.100. 6. She knows its not good for her, but it tastes good. 101. 7. Here are your clothes. 102. 句式精講1. What time do you usually get up?b) 這是一個用來詢問什么時間做某事的常用句型，意思是“你幾點起床？”。它的句式是“Whattime助動詞do/does主語謂語動詞原形其他？”。當主語是三單時用does，其余人稱用do。它經(jīng)常用來詢問具體的點鐘，相當于對劃線部分（表示具體時間的狀語）提問。b) 例如：c) I usually have lunch at 12:00. （對劃線部分提問）d) 我通常在12點吃午飯。e) What time do you usually have lunch?f) 你通常什么時間吃午飯？g) What time does Rick eat breakfast? 里克 什么時候吃早餐？h) He eats breakfast at seven oclock. 他七點吃早餐。i) 2）短語what time的意思是“幾點”，它和when是同義詞，都是對時間進行提問，但what time所 問的時間范圍比較小，一般用來提問比較精確的時間，回答的時候一般具體到幾點。而when所問的時間范圍比what time要大，回答的時候可以用幾點鐘，也可以是上午或者下午，甚至是哪一天、哪一年。j) 例如：k) What time/When do you usually get up? 你通常什么時間起床？l) I usually get up at seven oclock. 我通常七點起床。m) When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么時候？n) Its May 10. 是5月10日。o) 3）詢問時間還可以用句型：p) Whats the time now? = What time is it by your watch? Whats the time by your watch?（你的表） 現(xiàn)在幾點了？q) 回答別人詢問幾點可以用句型：“Itis時間.”。r) 例如：Its six. 現(xiàn)在六點了。103. 2. I usually get up at six thirty.a) 這個句型主要用來回答“What time /When”句型的提問。在回答做某事的具體時間時，要注意英語時間的表達法。英語時間的表達法主要有以下幾種情況：a) 如果時間在整點可以用“整點數(shù)字oclock”這種形式表達，有時候可以不用oclock。b) 例如：Its eight (oclock) now. 現(xiàn)在八點了。c) 2）如果是幾點幾分，分鐘不超過半個小時（包括半小時），可以直接用數(shù)字表示。d) 例如：6:11 six eleven （6點11分）e) 也可以用介詞past表示，past的前面是分鐘，past的后面是鐘點數(shù)，表示幾點過了幾分的意思。f) 例如；6:11 eleven past six （六點11分）g) 如果是15分鐘可以用a quarter。h) 例如：7:15 a quarter past seven （七點一刻）i) 如果是30分鐘可以用half。j) 例如：6:30 half past six （六點半）k) 3）如果是幾點幾分，分鐘超過半小時，可以用介詞to，to的前面是分鐘（是差幾分到下一點的分鐘數(shù)字），to的后面是下一個點的數(shù)字。l) 例如：m) 6:58 two to seven （7點差2分）n) 6:45 a quarter to seven (七點差一刻)104. 3. eitherora) 1）“eitheror” 意為“要么要么；或者或者；不是就是”，用來連接兩個并列的詞、短語或者句子1. 三單元105. Im not sure. 106. 我不很肯定。（我不大有把握）107. 關于subway, subway train 和subway station.108. 美國：地鐵subway take the subway或go by subway109. 英國：地鐵 the underground 地下通道suyway110. Im on a subway train. Ill call you later.111. 我在地鐵上呢，我回頭給你打電話。112. It takes him about five minutes to walk to the subway station from his home.113. 他從家走到地鐵站約用5分鐘的時間。114. Lisa: How long does it take you to get to school? 115. Jane: About 15 minutes by bike.116. 莉薩：你到學校要用多少時間？ 117. 簡：騎自行車大約15分鐘。118. So these students go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.119. 所以這些學生靠滑鐵索來過河上學。120. There is no bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats.121. （河上）完全沒有橋梁，而且河水湍急，不宜小船擺渡工。122. One 11-year-old boy, Liangliang, crosses the river every school day. 123. 亮亮，一個11歲男孩，每天過河上學。124. The bus ride is never boring because 125. 坐公交車從來不會無聊，因為126. Unit 4 Dont eat in class127. 知識點講解i. 重點詞組及短語： 128. school rules 學校規(guī)章制度 129. break（fallow/keep）the rules 違反(遵守)規(guī)章制度 130. arrive late for class = be late for class 上課遲到 131. dining hall飯廳，餐廳132. in class 在課堂上 133. on time準時（in time及時）134. eat in the classroom 在教室里吃東西 135. 8. wear a hat (hats) 戴帽子 136. 9. listen to 聽 137. make (ones) bed鋪床 138. go to bed去睡覺（be in bed 在床上）139. think about (sb/sth/doing sth)考慮（某人/某物/做某事）140. be strict (with sb)對某人）要求嚴格 141. learn to do sth學（做某事） 142. Dont talk. = No talking.不要說話。 143. 二、知識點解析 1. Dont fight.不要打架。144. fight作動詞，意為“打架、打仗”。其過去式為fought.i. fight for“為而斗爭”，后面常接抽象名詞，表示為事業(yè)、自由等而斗爭。145. Eg:They are fighting for freedom.他們正為自由而戰(zhàn)。146. fight against“為反對而戰(zhàn)斗”，后接事物名詞、人和國家名詞。147. Eg: They fought against the enemy.他們和敵人作戰(zhàn)。i. fight with“和打架”，“同（并肩）戰(zhàn)斗”，后只接表示人或國家的名詞。148. Eg:Dont fight with him.不要和他打架。149. 【典型例題】150. They fought _the Italians in the last war,but_them in this war.151. A. with; with B. with;for C. against ; against D.with; against152. 2.Ms./Mrs./Miss.i. Ms.：“女士”，用于婚姻狀況不明或不想?yún)^(qū)分婚否的女子的姓前。153. Mrs.：“夫人”，用于已婚女子姓前。a) Madam:也用于已婚女子，意為“夫人、女士”，一般單獨使用，不與姓連用i. Miss.：“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前，還常用于年輕的女教師的姓前，可譯為“老師”。154. 3. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 155. 相同點：都是“到達“的意思156. 不同點：get to+地點；reach+地點1. arrive at+小地點（車站等）；arrive in+大地點（國家等）157. 注意：158. get to與地點副詞（here/there/home）不用介詞to159. Eg:I want to go to Beijing.160. I got home at 15:00.我下午三點到的家。i. arrive是不及物動詞，后面若接地點名詞則要和in/at連用，接地點副詞時則不用介詞。161. Eg: I arrived home at 15:00. =I got home at 15:00.162. He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.他昨天到的上海。163. He arrived yesterday.他昨天到的。164. reach是及物動詞，后面直接接地點名詞或副詞。165. Eg:When will they reach here?166. 【典型例題】167. -What time did the team_the top of the mountain?168. -At about 4:30 p.m.169. A.come B.go C.arrive D.arrive at170. 4. on time“準時，按時”，指按規(guī)定的時刻不早不晚。171. Eg:He always go to school on time.他總是按時上學。172. in time“及時”，指沒有遲到，時間還充裕。173. Eg:Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防員及時趕到那幢失火的房子。174. 5.hear、listen和sound175. 都有聽的意思，但三者是有區(qū)別的： 176. hear聽說側重于聽的內容。 177. Eg:Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 聽說你生病了我很難過。 178. I never heard such an interesting story. 我從來沒聽過這么有趣的一個故事。 i. listen聽側重于聽這一動作。179. Eg:Listen to me carefully. 認真聽我說。 180. The children like to listen to music. 孩子們喜歡聽音樂。 181. sound聽起來它是系動詞后面接形容詞等。182. Eg:That sounds great. 那聽起來真不錯。 183. It sounds like fun. 聽起來挺有趣。184. 【典型例題】185. _carefully,or you are not able to_anything. (be able to do sth能夠做)186. A.Hear;listen B.Listen;hear C.Hear;listen D.Listen;listen187. 6.辨析take,bring188. take“帶走，拿走”指把東西從說話地帶到別的地方。189. Eg:Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?你能幫我把這些書帶到教室里去嗎？i. bring“帶來”指把東西從別處帶到說話地。190. Eg:Bring your homework here tomorrow,please.請你明天把作業(yè)帶到這兒來。191. 【典型例題】192. Unit5 Why do you like pandas?193. 知識要點 194. likea lot 非常喜歡 black and white 黑白相間 all day整天195. Lets do= let us do 讓我們做 kind of 有點兒，稍微 196. South Africa南非be from/come from 來自于 197. save the elephants救助大象 one of其中之一198. a symbol of good luck好運的象征 get lost迷路 cut down 砍倒199. for a long time 很長時間 in great danger處于（極大）危險之中 200. things be made of ivory由象牙制成的東西 201. places with food and water有食物和水的地方202. 常用短語：203. see the pandas 看熊貓204. my favorite animals我最喜歡的動物205. welcome to sp 歡迎來某地206. welcome back to sp 歡迎回到某地207. be from 來自208. come from來自209. in the zoo 在動物園里210. on the farm 在農(nóng)場里211. my new pet 我的新寵物212. walk on two legs 用兩條腿走213. kind of有點214. kind of interesting有點有趣215. a little有點216. a little boring有點無聊217. a kind of一種218. all kinds of 各種各樣的219. all day整天220. a good name for sb對某人是一個好名字221. South Africa南非222. South China華南223. South America南美洲224. America, the USA美國225. the UK ,England英國226. the South Pole南極227. what animals什么動物228. save the elephants挽救大象229. one of +n復數(shù) 。之一230. the first lesson=Lesson One第一課231. clever聰明的，機靈的232. cute聰明的，可愛的233. smart聰明的，頑皮的234. bright聰明的，伶俐的235. an ugly face一張丑陋的臉236. be friendly to對某人友好237. be friendly with和某人關系好238. be kind to sb對某人善良、好239. be good to sb對某人好240. the other people=the others其他的人241. many other animals許多其他的動物242. three other men另外三個男人243. another three men另外三個男人244. three more men另外三個男人245. else其他的，它放在疑問代詞和不定代詞后246. other其他的，它放在名詞前247. eat grass吃草248. go to sleep 睡著，入睡249. go to bed上床睡覺250. every day每天251. everyday日常的252. a symbol of good luck好的幸運標志、象征253. forget to do sth忘記要做某事254. forget doing sth 忘記做過某事255. walk for a long time走很長時間256. be/get lost迷路257. never get lost從不迷路258. places with food and water帶有食物和水的地方259. be in (great) danger在危險中260. cut down砍倒261. cut into pieces切成碎片262. cut off切斷263. killfor為。殺。264. be made of由。制成的265. Thai Elephant Day泰國大象節(jié)266. Why dont you do sth?你為什么不做某事？267. Why not do sth ?為什么不做某事？268. Lets do sth.讓我們做某事吧。269. Shall we do sth ?我們做某事好嗎？270. What about doing sth ?做某事怎樣？271. How about doing sth ?做某事怎樣？272. What kind of animals do you like？你喜歡哪種動物？273. I like pandas.我喜歡熊貓274. Why do you like pandas ?你為什么喜歡熊貓？275. Because they are very cute .因為他們很可愛。276. Where are they from ?他們來自哪里？277. Where do they come from ?他們來自哪里？278. They are from China .他們來自中國。279. They come from China .他們來自中國。280. Why do you want to see them ? 你們?yōu)槭裁聪胍此麄兡牵?81. I like koalas because theyre very smart.我喜歡考拉因為他們很頑皮。282. I dont like tigers because theyre really scary.我不喜歡老虎因為他們真的很可怕。 283. 語法要點：1. 語法點：祈使句是表示請求、命令、勸告、祝愿或建議的句子。284. 結構： 1）be+形容詞/名詞：Be quiet! Be a good student!285. 肯定形式： 2）以實義動詞開頭：Come in,please！a) 3）Let型: Let me help you. b) be型： Dont be careless！286. 否定形式： Never be late again next time！a) do型： Dont believe him！i. Never do it again！b) let型： Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其他：Lets not think about it.i. Dont+let+賓語+動詞原形+其他：Dont let Jim do that.287. 在公共場所中的提示語，否定祈使句常用“No+名詞/V-ing形式”，表示“禁止做某事”。i. No photos！禁止拍照ii. No parking！禁止停車288. 2：kind of：有點兒 Im kind of hungry.a) a kind of：一種（類）all kinds of：各種各樣的b) many different kinds of：許多不同種類的1. family：集合名詞，是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)看意思。 表示“家庭”整體的時候，做主語，謂語用單數(shù)；表示“家庭成員”時，做主語，謂語用復數(shù)。c) House：指居住的建筑物d) Home：指家庭成員所居住的環(huán)境或與房屋有關的“家”。1. Why dont you+動詞原形：為什么不e) 交際語中常見的結構，常用來提建議和請求，或征詢對方的看法和意見。相當于Why not+動詞原形。 289. Eg：Why dont we meet earlier？=Why not meet earlier？a) 肯定回答：OK!All right./Good idea./Yes，I think so.b) 否定回答：Sorry，I/Im afraid not.290. 表示建議的句型：How/What about 怎么樣1. You should do你應2. Lets do 讓我們3. Shall we do？我們好嗎？4. Will you please do?可以請你嗎？5. Would you like to do？你愿意嗎？291. 5、all night：整夜 all morning：整個上午 all the year：全年292. 6、save：救助；節(jié)省293. save ones life/save sth for sb為某人節(jié)省某物/294. save money：攢錢/save water節(jié)約用水295. one of+名詞的復數(shù)形式，作主語時謂語用單數(shù)：one of my friends is going to travel to New York. a) Two of：中的兩個Some of：中的一些b) Many of：中的許多All of：中的全部296. symbol是一個名詞，意為“象征，標記”。常用短語a/the symbol of.表示象征.。297. e.g .The dove is /the symbol of the peace. 白鴿是和平的象征。298. danger 是一個名詞，意為危險,常用短語 be in danger意為遇險.a) danger前可用great修飾，表示“巨大的”.be in great danger 意為面臨巨大的危險e.g.： The boy can be in great danger. 那個男孩會面臨巨大的危險。299. 注意：在英語中用because 不用so，或用so不用because 如：300. Because English is very interesting, I like it. 301. Because English is very interesting, so I like it. ( )302. 3）want sth 想要某物 303. 我想要一件藍色毛衣。I want a blue sweater.304. want to do sth . 想要做某事 305. 她想先看大象：She want to look the elephants first.306. want sb to do sth. 想要某做某事 307. 我父母想要要我?guī)椭麄?。My parents want me to them.308. 語法焦點：309. 原因：310. -Why do you like pandas? -Because theyre kind of interesting. 311. -Why does John like koalas? - Because theyre very cute312. Why dont you like tigers? -Because theyre really scary.313. 地點：a) -Where are lions from? -Theyre from South Africa.314. Unit 6 必背詞組與句子315. Talking on the phone 打電話316. Talking with/to sb 和某人談話317. Listening to a CD聽CD318. Using the computer使用計算機319. Making soup做湯320. Washing the dishes = do the dishes 洗碗321. What about怎么樣322. Go to the movies去看電影323. Join me for dinner和我一起吃晚餐324. At home在家325. Eat out外出吃飯326. Meet at my home first首先在我家見面327. See you then再見328. At half past six六點半329. At the pool在游泳池330. At the library在圖書館331. At school在學校332. At the supermarket在超市333. Host family主人的家334. Watch boat races看龍舟賽335. The United States of America美國336. Live with sb和某人生活在一起337. An American family in New York 紐約的一個美國家庭338. The night before the festival節(jié)日前夜339. Any other night任何其他夜晚340. Young children小孩子341. Soccer games足球賽342. A picture of my family我的一張家庭照片343. In the living room在起居室344. Talk show談話節(jié)目345. TV show電視節(jié)目346. Radio show收音機節(jié)目347. Kind of boring有點乏味348. Make zongzi做粽子349. Make dinner= cook dinner 做晚餐350. Go boating/ swimming/ fishing/ shopping去劃船、去游泳、去釣魚、去購物351. Do some washing/ shopping/reading/cooking洗衣、購物、閱讀、做飯352. 必背句子353. 電話用語：354. This is Jenny. 我是Jenny.355. Its Laura here.我是Laura.356. Is Alice there?你是Alice。357. This is here sister, Julie.我是Julie的姐姐358. Is that Jenny speaking?你是Jenny嗎？359. 普通句子：360. What are you doing?你在做什么？361. Whats she doing?她在做什么？362. Is she reading a newspaper?她在讀報紙嗎？363. Shes still at school.她依然在學校364. That sounds good.聽起來很好365. Do you want to go to the movies?你想去看電影嗎？366. My TV show is also not very interesting.我的電視節(jié)目也不是很有趣367. Here is a picture of my family.這是我的一張家庭照片368. Hes studying for a test.他正在為一次考試而學習369. I think I can play soccer with you.我想我可以和你一起踢足球370. Todays story is story about Zhu Hui, a student from Shenzhen.今天的故事是關于朱輝，一個來自于深圳的學生的。371. Hes now studying in the United States.他現(xiàn)在正在美國學習372. Zhu Huis family are at home.朱輝的家人在家373. Is Zhu Hui watching the races and eating zongzi?朱輝正在看比賽和吃粽子嗎？374. Its the night before the festival.這是節(jié)日的前夜375. Its like any other night for Zhu Hui and his host family.對于朱輝和他的主人的家來主人的家來說，就象其他任何夜晚一樣。376. The mother is reading a story to her young children.這位媽媽正給她的小孩子讀故事。377. Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his moms delicious zongzi.朱輝思念他的家人，并且希望吃媽媽做的美味的粽子378. What time is it in New York?紐約現(xiàn)在是幾點？379. Hes living with an American family in New York.他和紐約的一個美女國家庭生活在一起。380. See you tomorrow evening.明天晚上見381. Im just washing my clothes.我恰好在洗我的衣服。382. Do you want to join me for dinner?你愿意和我一起共進晚餐嗎？383. Unit 7 Its raining384. at/in the park 在公園里sound like 聽起來be at home = be in 在家385. call sb. back 給某人回電話no problem 沒問題386. take a message for sb. 幫某人捎個話 not too bad 不太壞387. right now 現(xiàn)在 visit my old friends 看望我的老朋友388. in Canada 在加拿大in Europe在歐洲visit our school 參觀我們學校389. summer school 暑期班l(xiāng)earn a lot 學了很多summer/winter vacation 暑假/寒假390. sit by the pool 坐在泳池旁邊 drink orange juice 喝橙汁391. see you soon/next month回頭見/下個月見392. study hard 努力學習climb mountains 爬山393. be on a vacation = take a vacation 在度假394. play in the snow 在雪地里玩skate on a river在河上滑冰395. just right for walking正適合走路396. write to sb. 給某人寫信take photos 照相，拍照397. take a photo of sb./sth. 給某人/某物拍照398. make a snowman 堆雪人in the rainy weather = on a rainy day 在下雨天399. have a good/great time = have fun 玩得開心400. tell /ask sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴/要求某人(不要)做