2015年學位英語整理完型填空.docx

1.Manypeople wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families placethem in nursing homes. They are left in the _36 _ of strangers for therest of their lives. Their _37 _ children visit them only occasionally,but more often, they do not have any _38_ visitors. The truth is that thisidea is an unfortunate mythan _39 _ story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent ofthe care _40 _ elderly people need. Samuel Preston, a sociologist, studied_41 _ the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the_42 _ American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents thanchildren. _43 _, because people today live longer after an illness thanpeople did years _44 _, family members must provide long term care. Morepsychologists have found that all caregivers _45 _ a commoncharacteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best _46 _ forthe job. In other words, they all felt that they _47 _ do the job betterthan anyone else. Social workers _48 _ caregivers to find out why theytook _ 49 _ the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Manycaregivers believed they had _50 _ to help their relative. Some stated thathelping others _51 _ them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping_52_ now, they would deserve care when they became old and _53 _.Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a _54_ satisfyingexperience for everyone who might be _55_.36. A. hands B. arms C. bodies D. homes37. A. growing B. grown C. grow D. grows38. A. constant B. lasting C. regular D. normal39. A. imaginary B. imaginable C. imaginative D. imagery40. A. that B. this C. those D. these41. A. when B. how C. what D. where42. A. common B. ordinary C. standard D. average43. A. Still B. However C. Moreover D. Whereas44. A. before B. ago C. later D. lately45. A. share B. enjoy C. divide D. consent46. A. person B. people C. character D. man47. A. would B. will C. could D. can48. A. questioned B. interviewed C. inquired D.interrogate49. A. in B. up C. on D. off50. A. admiration B. initiative C. necessity D. obligation51. A. cause B. enable C. make D. get52. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. anybody53. A. elderly B. dependent C. dependable D. independent54. A. similarly B. differently C. mutually D. certainly55. A. involved B. excluded C. included D. considered答案解析： 36. A 解析 慣用搭配題。in the hands of 意為“由控制或照料”，是慣用搭配，剛好與句意相符，所以A正確。37. B 解析 邏輯銜接題。此處缺少的是定語，4個選項中A，B都可以充當定語，growing意為“成長的，正在長大的”，grown意為“長大成人的，成年的”，結合前文內容可知，應選B。38. C 解析 詞義辨析題。regular意為“定期的，有規(guī)律的”，與visitors搭配指“定期來看望的人”，故選C。normal意為“正常的”，constant意為“經常的”，lasting意為“持續(xù)的”，均排除。39. A 解析 詞義辨析題。下文對前面提到的觀點進行了反駁，也就是說前面所說的情況不是真實存在的，故選A（不真實的、虛構的）。imaginable意為“可想象的”，imaginative意為“富于想象力的”，imagery意為“肖像”，均排除。40. A解析 邏輯銜接題。此處應用that引導定語從句充當care的定語，故選A。41. B解析 邏輯銜接題。根據上下文可知，該句談到社會學家研究了美國家庭如何在改變，應該用how引導賓語從句，表示改變的方式，故選B。42. D解析 詞義辨析題。common意為“普通的，共同的”；強調一種趨同的ordinary與special相對立，強調平凡，毫無特性；standard意為“標準的”；average意為“一般的，平均的”，強調的是在類型或特征上通常的或平均情況。由此可知，本題選D。43. C解析 詞義辨析題。still意為“盡管如此，但仍然”，表讓步；however意為“然而”，表轉折；moreover意為“而且”；whereas意為“盡管”。分析上下文可知，前后兩句應為遞進關系，故選C。44. B解析 詞義辨析題。ago意為“以前”，指從現在算起，故選B。before意為“以前”，指從過去某個時刻算起，故排除。45. A解析 詞義辨析題。share意為“共享，共有”，與a common characteristic搭配意為“具有共同的特征”，所以A正確。46. B解析 詞義辨析題。句中謂語為are，故此處應填入一個復數形式的名詞，所以B正確。47. C解析 邏輯銜接題。本句的主句是過去時，故排除will和can，而would表示一種意愿，也應排除，故選C。48. B解析 詞義解析題。question和inquire意為“詢問，疑問”，interrogate意為“審問”，interview意為“面試，訪問”，此處句意為“社會工作者訪問護理人員，想弄明白為什么他們要承擔照顧年紀大的親戚的責任”，所以B正確。49. C 解析 慣用搭配題。take in意為“欺騙；收容”，take up意為“從事”，take on意為“承擔”，take off意為“脫下；起飛”，只有take on能與responsibility搭配，故選C。50. D 解析 詞義辨析題。admiration意為“羨慕”，initiative意為“主動”，necessity意為“必要性”，obligation意為“責任，義務”，此處句意為“護理人員相信他們有這個義務幫助他們的親戚”，所以D正確。51. C 解析 慣用搭配題。make sb. do sth.意為“使某人做某事”，符合句意，所以C正確。52. A 解析 詞義辨析題。someone泛指某個人，anyone和anybody指任何人，everyone指每個人，結合句意可知，A正確。53. B 解析 詞義辨析題。elderly意為“年紀稍老的”，dependent意為“依靠別人的”，dependable意為“可靠的”，independent意為“獨立的”，此處句意為“當他們老了需要依靠別人時，他們應該得到照顧”，所以B正確。54. C 解析 詞義辨析題。similarly意為“同樣地、相似地”，differently意為“不同地”，mutually意為“共同地”，certainly意為“當然地”，結合句意，照顧老人和被照顧是一種相互關系，由此可知，C正確。55. A 解析 詞義辨析題。involved意為“涉及的，牽涉到的”，excluded意為“排除在外的，不包括的”，included意為“包含的”，considered意為“被考慮到”，此句意為“照顧老人和被照顧是一種相互的關系，每個人都有可能涉足其中”，所以A正確。2.Reading involves looking atgraphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent.Concepts of reading have changed 36 over the centuries. During the 1950sespecially, increased attention has been devoted to 37 and describing the reading process. 38 specialists agree that reading 39 a complex organization ofhigher mental 40 , they disagree 41 the exact nature of the process. Some experts,who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 42 reading as simply the decoding of symbols tothe sounds they stand 43 .These authorities 44 that meaning, being concerned with thinking,must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain thatreading is 45 relatedto thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 46 their meaning is not truly reading. Thereader, 47 to some, is not just a person with atheoretical ability to read but one who 48 reads.Many adults, althoughthey have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 49 . Bysome experts they would not be 50 asreaders. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of readingwill depend on the definition one uses. By the most 51 and satisfactory definition, reading is theability to 52 the sound symbols code of the language, tointerpret meaning for various 53 , at various rates, and at various levelsof difficulty, and to do 54 widelyand enthusiastically. 55 short,reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representingsounds and ideas.36. A. substantively B. substantially C. substitutively D.subjectively37. A. distributing B.promoting C. defining D. reporting38. A. Although B.If C. Unless D. Until39. A. involves B.takes C. reveals D. invites40. A. opinions B.effects C. manners D. functions41. A.of B. about C.for D. into42. A.view B. look C. reassure D. agree43. A.by B. to C. off D. for44. A.content B. contend C. contempt D. contact45. A. inexplicably B.inexpressibly C. inextricably D. inexpediently46. A. interpreting B.telling C. explaining D. reading47. A.like B. for C.according D. as48. A.totally B. usually C. mainly D. actually49. A. part B. entirety C.chapter D. section50. A.claimed B. said C. classified D. graded51. A.inclusive B. inclinable C. conclusive D. complicated52. A.break B. elaborate C. define D. unlock53. A.purposes B. degrees C. stages D. steps54. A.such B. so as C. so D. such as55. A.By B. In C. On D. To答案解析：36. B 詞義辨析題。substantively意為“實質地”，substantially意為“充分地，很多地”，substitutively意為“可替代地”，subjectively意為“主觀地”。本句意為“經過幾個世紀，閱讀的概念已經_改變了”，選項B與最符合句意。37. C 介詞用法題。本句中的to是介詞，應該接名詞或動名詞。結合其后“and describing the reading process”可知，應選C。38. A詞義辨析題。兩個分句的謂語分別是agree和disagree，由此可知，這兩個分句應為轉折關系，故選A。39. A 詞義辨析題。involve意為“卷入，包括”，take意為“拿走，獲得”，reveal意為“顯示，揭露”，invite意為“邀請”。結合句意“專家們認為閱讀_更高的、更復雜的智力活動”，A項最合適。40. D 詞義辨析題。mental function意為“智力活動”，故選D。opinion意為“意見”，manner意為“行為”，effect意為“影響”，這三項與mental搭配均不符合句意，故排除。41. B 慣用搭配題。disagree about/on意為“對有不同意見”，故選B。42. A 慣用搭配題。view.as是慣用搭配，意為“把看做”，故選A。look是不及物動詞，如要使用，應加上介詞at。43. D 慣用搭配題。stand by意為“支持”，stand to意為“遵守”，stand off意為“疏遠”，stand for意為“代表”。結合句意可知，D項正確。44. B 詞義辨析題。content意為“內容”，contend意為“爭論，主張”，contemp意為“輕視”，contact意為“接觸”。結合句意可知，B項正確。45. A 詞義辨析題。inexplicably意為“無法解釋地”，inexpressibly意為“說不來出地”，inextricably意為“解決不了地”，inexpediently意為“不明智地”。結合句意可知，A項正確。46. A 詞義辨析題。本句意為“一個孩子能讀出聲而不_所讀的含義，不能叫做真正的閱讀”，故選A，interpreting意為“了解，理解”。explain意為“解釋”，真正的閱讀并不需要去解釋什么，而是要理解所讀材料的意思。47. C 詞義辨析題。some在句中指代與authorities持不同觀點的人，空格與后面的to some共同構成插入語，according to為固定搭配，該插入語意為“根據有些人的觀點”，故選C。48. D 詞義辨析題。totally意為“完全地”，usually意為“通?！?，mainly意為“大體地”，均不符合句意，排除。actually意為“實際上”，下一句對其進行了反向解釋，即“有閱讀能力的許多成年人，并未全面讀過一本書?！毖酝庵?，他們實際上不算讀者，故選D。49. B 詞義辨析題。part意為“部分，零件”，entirety意為“整體”，chapter意為“章”，section意為“部分；節(jié)”；in its entirety意為“整體地，全面地”。由此可知，選項B正確。50. C 詞義辨析題。be classified as意為“被劃分，被分類到”，符合句意，故選C。51. C 詞義辨析題。conclusive意為“確定的”，the most conclusive是其最高級，指最確定的，故選C。inclusive意為“包括的；包圍的”，inclinable意為“傾向于；贊成的”，complicated意為“復雜的”，均不符合句意。52. D 詞義辨析題。unlock意為“解開，破譯”，符合句意，故選D。elaborate意為“詳細說明”，break意為“破裂”，define意為“解釋”，均不符合句意。53. A 詞義辨析題。由句意“為了不同的_而對意思進行解釋”，可知A項正確。for various purposes意為“出于各種各樣的原因”。54. C 詞義辨析題。so用在do之后代表上文提到的具體動作，以避免重復，故選C。55. B 慣用搭配題。結合上下文可知，此處要作總結，四個選項中只有B項能和short構成短語in short（總之）。3. Every year more than half a million American kids have drainage tubes（引流管） surgically implanted in their ears to combat persistent infections. The procedure, know as tympanostomy, may not be as 36 as the tonsillectomy was in the 1940s, but it now 37 as the nations leading childhood 38 and a new study suggests its being vastly overused. In 39 more than 6 000 scheduled ear tube operations, a team of experts 40 by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman found that fewer than half were clearly justified. “Each year”, the researchers write in the current Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), “several hundred thousand children in the United States may be 41 tympanostomy tubes that offer them no demonstrated 42 and may place them at increased 43 .”Tube placement isnt a 44 risky procedure, but it costs $1 000 to $1 500 and sometimes scars the eardrum, causing a partial loss of 45 . Studies show that the benefits are most likely to 46 the risks if a childs middle ear has produced sticky fluid 47more than four months despite treatment 48 antibiotics. For less virulent infections, drug treatment is usually a(n) 49 , safer alternative (though drugs, too, can be overused). In the new JAMA study, Kleinmans team reviewed the medical charts of 6 429 kids, all under 16, 50 doctors had recommended the procedure. Even making “generous assumptions” about the likely 51 , the researchers found that a quarter of the proposed operations were 52, since less invasive alternatives were available, 53 another third were as likely to harm the recipients as help them.Parents neednt 54 about ear tubes that are already in place. Once 55 implanted, the tiny devices provide drainage for six months to a year, then come out by reducing health costs by hundreds of millions of dollars every year.36. A. rare B. common C. general D. abnormal37. A. considers B. alternates C. ranges D. ranks38. A. operation B. disease C. condition D. injection39. A. finding B. reviewing C. amending D. performing40. A. controlled B. conducted C. legitimated D. led41. A. receiving B. accepting C. undertaking D. initiating42. A. disadvantage B. agreementC. advantage D. shortcoming43. A. bottom B. risk C. edge D. extent44. A.subtly B. hopefully C. merely D. terribly45. A. feeling B. hearing C. health D. memory46. A. outfit B. outflow C. outweigh D. outgrow47. A. for B. on C. in D. to48. A. by B. upon C. with D. along49. A. expensive B. faster C. further D. cheaper50. A. which B. whose C. that D. who51. A. risks B. dangers C. chances D. benefits52. A. inappropriate B. favorable C. preferable D. inadequate53. A. where B. when C. whether D. while54. A. outrage B. panic C. complain D. protest55. A. lively B. quickly C. successfully D. formally答案解析：36. B 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰渥右鉃椤霸?0世紀40年代的時候，這個手術可能不像扁桃腺切除術_，但是”。common符合句意，所以B正確。37. D詞義辨析題。由空格后的leading可知，鼓膜管置放術現在已經位于全國的第一位，所以rank符合句意，D正確。consider主語應該是人，這里應該用被動語態(tài)，所以排除；range表示“排列，把排列成行”，如：She ranged the books neatly on the desk.（她把書整齊地排放在桌子上。）38. A 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椤肮哪す苤梅判g現在已經是位于全國第一位的孩童時期的_?！庇纱丝芍?，空格所填詞的內涵包括鼓膜管置放術，operation符合句意，所以A正確。39. B 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椤霸赺六千多手術中，一組專家發(fā)現少于一半的人接受的治療是正當的。”reviewing符合句意，所以B正確。amend意為“修正；改進”。40. D 詞義辨析題。由空格后的“by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman”可知，這個專家組是由Lawrence Kleinman帶頭的，led符合句意，所以D正確。41. A 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椤懊磕昝绹袛凳f的孩子可能_這種手術?！痹倏催x項可知，空格內應該是“接受”。receive只表示被動地接受；accept表示主動而且高興地接受，所以A正確。42. C 詞義辨析題。前面提到只有少于一半的人接受的手術治療是正當的，所以可知，空格處所在從句意思應該是說這個手術對他們沒有什么好處，故C正確。Shortcoming意為“缺點；短處”。43. B 詞義辨析題。同上題分析，這種手術不僅對他們沒什么好處，還可能增加他們的風險，所以B正確。edge意為“邊緣；優(yōu)勢”。44. D 詞義辨析題。空格所在句子意為“植入導管并不是一個_風險的手術，但是要花費1 0001 500美元，而且有時候還會?！眛erribly符合句意，所以D正確。subtly意為“敏銳地；精細地”；merely意為“僅僅；只”。45. B 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椤坝袝r候還會弄傷耳膜，導致喪失部分_?！県earing符合句意，所以B正確。46. C 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椤把芯勘砻鳎嫣帢O可能_風險，如果孩子的中耳能?！庇纱丝梢姡渥邮怯靡嫣幒惋L險作比較，outweigh符合句意，所以C正確。outfit意為“配備，裝備”；outflow意為“流出”；outgrow意為“長出”。47. A 慣用搭配題?？崭窈笫恰癿ore than four months”，4個選項都可以接表示時間的詞或短語：on接表示時間點的詞；in表示在將來的時間里發(fā)生；to表示到時間；for表示一段時間。根據上下文意思，故A正確。48. C 詞義辨析題。空格所在短語意思是：“用抗生素的治療”。with符合句意，所以C正確。49. D 詞義辨析題。空格后是逗號，然后是safer。由此可知，空格和safer是并列的關系，所以應該是形容詞比較級，排除A；關于治療的快慢，文章前面沒有提到，排除B，C；文章前面提到治療費用比較高，所以此處可能指更便宜一些，所以D正確。50. B 語法結構題?？崭袷菑木涞囊龑г~，根據句意可知，是這些孩子的醫(yī)生建議他們做這個手術，所以whose符合句意，B正確。51. D 詞義辨析題。聯系上下文可知，文章主要論述這種手術的好處和壞處，選項中A、B同義，所以排除，D正確。52. A 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椤把芯咳藛T發(fā)現這些被建議的手術中的四分之一是_”，由前面的even可知，空格處是指這些手術不好的方面，inappropriate符合句意，所以A正確。Inadequate意為“不充分的；不充足的”。53. D邏輯銜接題?？崭袼诰湟馑紴椤癬另外三分之一很可能像幫助接受手術治療的人們一樣去傷害他們”。由此可見，這里的三分之一是和前面提到的四分之一相對應的，所以while符合句意，D正確。54. B 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟鉃椤凹议L們不用對已經植入耳內的導管感到_?！苯Y合后面可知，panic（恐慌）符合句意，所以B正確。outrage意為“凌辱；引起義憤”。55. C 詞義辨析題?？崭袼诘木湟鉃椤耙坏植入以后，這種小裝置就能排泄半年到一年的時間?！笨梢姡@正是成功植入后的效果，所以C正確。formally意為“正式地；形式上地”。4. Today, most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast, and parallel 36 the coast. Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other 37 of transport. These 38 make it possible for boats to travel 39 ports along the coast without being 40 to the dangers of the open. Some canals, such as the Suez and the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their 41 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 42 on the coast; still other canals 43 lands where there is too much water, help to 44 fields where there is not enough water, and 45 water power for factories and mills. The size of a canal 46 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 47 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water 48 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 49 through a telescope, people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a 50 of strange blue-green lines. These were called “canals” 51 they looked the same as canals on earth 52 are viewed from an airplane. However, scientists are now 53 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 54 from space-ships have helped us to 55 the truth about the Martian “canals”.36. A. off B. with C. to D. by37. A. way B. means C. method D. approach38. A. waterways B. waterfronts C. channels D. paths39. A. among B. between C. in D. to40. A. revealed B. exposed C. opened D. shown41. A. trip B. journey C. voyage D. route42. A. lain B. stationed C. set D. located43. A. escape B. drain C. dry D. leak44. A. water B. wet C. soak D. irrigate45. A. furnish B. afford C. offer D. give46. A. focuses B. bases C. depends D. takes47. A. cross B. pass C. move D. advance48. A. down B. beneath C. below D. off49. A. studied B. researched C. surveyed D. observed50. A. plenty B. number C. deal D. supply51. A. although B. because C. so D. if52. A. that B. where C. when D. as53. A. exact B. definite C. certain D. decisive54. A. held B. taken C. got D. developed55. A. find B. expose C. uncover D. discover答案解析： 36C慣用搭配題。parallel to意為“與平行”，是固定搭配，且符合句意，所以C正確。37B慣用搭配題。means of transport意為“交通工具/方式”，是固定搭配，所以B正確。38A詞義辨析題。waterway意為“水道”，waterfront意為“城市的濱水區(qū)”，channel意為“海