高三英語時態(tài).doc

高三英語時態(tài)、語態(tài)I.知識要點1. 完成時態(tài)用法要點1） 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與過去時態(tài)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)說明過去到現(xiàn)在為止已發(fā)生的動作或已有的經(jīng)驗，并對現(xiàn)在有影響。過去時態(tài)表示曾發(fā)生過事情。例：How long did you live in Shanghai ? (現(xiàn)在不在上海)How long have you lived in Shanghai ? (現(xiàn)在仍在上海)-Where have you put my book ? I cant find it.-I put it right here.2） 完成時態(tài)常見句型A. It has been（is） + 時間 + since + 一般過去時態(tài)B. have done + since (for )C. had done + before/when + 一般過去時態(tài)D. had done + by the end of /up to/ till + 過去時間Ewill have done + by the end of + 現(xiàn)在時間例：A. It is (has been ) five years since I moved here.B. We havent seen each other since we met last month( for years).C. He had learned 2000 English words before he went to America.D. We had put up five power stations here by the end of last year.E. We will have learned ten texts by the end of this term.注意：1. 表示第幾次去（到）某地，在 句式中， 后面常用現(xiàn)在完成時。This is the first time I have come to America.2. 先行詞是形容詞的最高級或者被最高級修飾時，定語從句常用完成時態(tài)。This Is the best film that I have ever seen.3. 瞬間動詞用于完成時態(tài)不能與for + 一段時間 或since + 時間連用。常見瞬間動詞有：arrive, reach, start, begin, leave, close, open, finish, join,buy, die, find, see, go, 但可以與否定式連用例：He has joined the army for three years. 誤 He joined the army three years ago. 正He hasnt returned home for 3 years.3) 完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)與進(jìn)行時態(tài)的區(qū)別完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；而進(jìn)行時時態(tài)只指目前正在發(fā)生的動作。例：He has been reading that magazine since last night.He is reading a magazine.4） 在狀語從句中代替將來時態(tài)。例：Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.I will give my opinion when I have read the book through.We will start at eight if it has stopped rained by then.2將來時態(tài)的表達(dá)形式1）will/shall（只用于第一人稱） + do 單純的將來例：They will fly to Beijing.I shall go to Shanghai before you come back.一般將來時有時可以表示一種傾向或習(xí)慣性動作。1. Crops will die without water.2. Oil will float on water.2)be going to + do 表示近期的計劃的計劃、打算、安排或根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的各種因素判斷很快發(fā)生的事情例：We are going to visit a chemistry plant next week.Its going to rain, for its getting dark.3）be to do 表示預(yù)先的計劃或說話人的意志（命令，勸告）例：He is to stay here till I return.(He must stay)He is working hard at his lessons and he is going to take an examination next week.4)be about to do表示很近的將來，就要， 即將，快要的意思。例：Hurry up, the play is about to start now.The plane is about to take off.5)be + comimg (leaving, reaching, returning, starting, dying, arriving, setting out)表示即將發(fā)生的動作， 常與表示未來的時間副詞連用。例：All aboard please, the train is leaving.His father is arriving tonight.6）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)代替將來時態(tài)（1）表示按規(guī)定或預(yù)計將要發(fā)生的事情 。（2） 用于間、條件等狀語從句中。例：The plane takes off at eight in the morning. It is Sunday tomorrow We leave Beijing at 8 a.m and arrive at 7 p.m If I see him tomorrow, I will tell him that good news.3. 1) 過去的兩個動作如果一個動作發(fā)生在另一個動作之前，那么發(fā)生前的就用過去 完成時， 即過去的過去。When he reached the shop, It had already closed.2) had + hoped(expected, supposed, meant, thought, wanted)表示未實現(xiàn)的希望、計劃、想法等。例：I had hoped to passed the exam, but I was not well that day.I had thought that he had died three years before.3) 在No sooner.than, hardly(scarcely/barely).when .句式中， 前面用過去完成時。意為剛.就. .就.Hardly had they been seated when the bus started.No sooner had I finished the work than the light went out.4.時態(tài)呼應(yīng)時態(tài)呼應(yīng)主要用于賓語從句中，既：1）當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r態(tài)時，從句可以用任何所需時態(tài)。2）當(dāng)主句是過去時態(tài)時，從句必須用過去的某種時態(tài)。例：He says that he will go to Wuhan(he went to Wuhan last week)He told me that he had been to America.5.be + always + doing 表示的不是進(jìn)行時態(tài)而是一種感情色彩。例：He is always helping others.(表揚(yáng)) They are always spitting in public.(批評)6.主動形式被動意義的句子。例：The book sells well. The poems read smoothly. The cloth washes well. The knife cuts well. The film will finish soon. The box carries easily.7.主動表示被動的結(jié)構(gòu)。1） have something to do2） Sth.+ be + adj.+ to do3） be worth doing4） taste(sound, smell, feel) + adj.5） Sth. needs(require, want) + doing例：They have a lot of food to eat.The text is very easy to understand.That book is well worth reading.The cloth feels soft.The old need respecting.8.易誤用于被動語態(tài)的動詞，如：break out, take place, happen, belong to, cost, last, become.例：The book is belonged to me. 誤The books belongs to me 對9 Vt + 賓語 + do 句型轉(zhuǎn)換成被動語態(tài)時do 前要加 to.例：The boss made his workers work day and night. His workers were made to work day and night.III.高考題實錄1. -Your phone number again? I _quite catch it .(95)-Its 9568442.A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant2.-_the sports meet might be put off.(95)-Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D.I told3.As she _ the newspaper, Granny _asleep. (95)A. read; was falling B. was reading; fellC. was reading; was falling D. read; fell4.You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times. (95)A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet5.I dot think Jim saw me; he _into space.(95)A. just stared B. was just staringC. has just stared D. had just stared6. -_my glasses ? -Yes, I saw them on your bed a minuteago .(96)A. Do you see B. Had you seenC. Would you see D. Have you seen7.Helen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home.(96)A. has left; comes B. left; had comeC. had left; came D. had left; would come8. -Can I help you, sir ?-Yes. I bought this radio here yesterday, but it _. (96)A. didnt work B. wont workC. cant work D. doesnt work9.I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time.(97)A. has worked B. was workingC. had been working D. had worked10.-Is this rain coat yours ?(97)-No, mine _ there behind the door.A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung11. -Who is Jerry Cooper ?(97)-_ ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Dont you meet him yet B. Hadnt you met him yetC. Didnt you met him yet D. Havent you met him yet12.-You havent been to Beijing, have you ?(98)-_. How I wish to go there !A. Yes , I have B. Yes , I haventC. No , I have D. No, I havent13. -Nancy is not coming tonight. -But she _! (98)A . promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised14. Shirley _ a book about China last year but I dont knowwhether she has finished it. (98)A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing15.-Hi, Tracy, you look tired. -I am tired. I_ the living room all day.(98)A. painted B. had paintedB. have been painting D. have painted16. The price _, but I doubt whether it will remain so.(99)A. went down B. will go downC. has gone down D. was going down17.-Hey, look where you are going-Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. (99)A.I am not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC.I havent noticed D. I dont notice18.If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.(92)A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have toC. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to19.I need one more stamp before my collection _.A. had completed B. completesC. has completed D. is completed20.-_ the sports meet might be put off.-Yes, it all depends on the weather.(95)A. Ive been told B. Ive toldC. Im told D. I toldIV.自測題1.When eleven oclock _ and he still _,I began to wonder if he _ an accident.A. came; arrived; had had B. came; hadnt arrived; hadC. came; hadnt arrived; had had D. had come; hadnt arrived; had had2. -Can you tell me when the train will leave ?-It _at 7 tomorrow morning.A. will leave B. leaves C. is going to leave D. was to leave3.-Look. It _ again.-This is the third time we _ it this week.A. will rain; shall have B. is raining; have hadC. is raining; have D. is going to rain; had4._ we fail this time, we _ trying.A. Even if; dont stop B. Even though; wouldnt stopC. Even although; never stop D. Even though; wont stop5.-Was the driving pleasant when you went to Australia last year ?-No, it _ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.A. was raining B. had been rainingC. would be raining D. has rained6.They _ friends since they met in Shanghai.A. have made B. have become C. have turned D. have been7. Jack, I _ go now; the Turners _ for me.A. must; will wait B. must; will be waitingD. have to; must wait D. have to; should be waiting8.This cloth _ though it looks colorful.A. doesnt wash well B. didnt wash wellC. isnt washed well D. isnt well washed9.When she _ I didnt have much time to talk, because I _ for Beijing in two hours.A. phoned; was leaving B. has phoned; am leavingC. phoned; have left D. phones; will leave10.I _ that she would come to help me, but he didnt come.A. expect B. have expected C. had expected D. was expected11.By then the boy _ for three days.A. went away B. had left C. left D. had been away12. -I dont know how to use this camera.-Its quite easy. I _ you.A. will show B. am going to showC. would show D. was going to show13.As soon as he _ how to use the computer , the boss _ him a job.A. is learning; shall get B. will learn; shall have gotC. learns; shall be getting D. has learned; shall get14.John visited his uncle before he_ for Beijing.A. would leave B. leaves C. had left D. left15.They had all thought the train _ by the time they arrived.A. was leaving B. would have left C. left D. would be leaving16.-Have you got the ticket for tomorrows concert ?-Not yet, and I _ to get it in the last three days.A. have been trying B. will be tryingC. had tried D. have been tried17.-We havent heard from Jane for a long time.-What do you suppose _ to her.A. was happening B. to happenC . has happened D. having happened18. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, _ some apple and visited her cousin.A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy19._ down the radio, and the babys asleep in the room.A. Turning B. Turn C. Turned D. To turn20. Ill go with you as soon as I _ my work.A. will finish B. shall finish C. finish D. have finished21.-Where _ the dictionary ? I cant see anywhere.-I _ it right here. But now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; putC. have you put; was putting D. were you putting; have put22. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said it was at least ten years since I _ a good drink.A. had enjoyed B. was enjoyed C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying23. My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell; was riding B. fell; were ridingC. had fallen; rode D. had fallen; was riding24. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party.A. left; had arrived B. left; arrivedC. had left; had arrived D. had left; arrived25.-We could have walked to the station, it was so near.-Yes. A taxi _ at all necessary.A. wasnt B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wont be26.If city noises _ from increasing, people _ be heard only at the dinner table 20 years later from now.A. are not kept ; will have to B. are not kept; have toC. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to27. Tom _ into the house when no one _.A. slipped; was looking B. had slipped; lookedC. slipped; had looked D. was slipping; looked28.I _ Jane when she _ cotton in the fields.A. had seen; was picking B. saw; pickedC. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking29.My dictionary _. I have looked for it everywhere but still _ it.A. has lost; dont find B. is missing; havent foundC. has lost; havent found D. is missing ; got30. - I m sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will31.-Do you like the material ?-Yes, it _ very soft.A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt32. I dont really work here, I _ until new secretary arrives.A. just help out B. have just helped outC. am just helping out D. will just help out33. The man is dying fast, yet no doctor_.A. had been sent B. has been sentC. had been sent for D. has been sent for34. Dont get that ink on your shirt, for it _.A. wont wash out B. wont be washing outC. isnt washing out D. doesnt wash away35. The driver of the red car _ when a black one came up quickly.A. has just started B. was just startingC. would just start out D. is just starting out36.John _ to work in a government office though he hated serving there.A. wanted B. had wanted C. was wanted D. was wanting37. Come and sit down by the fire. You hand _.A. feels so cold B. is felt so coldB. feels so coldly D. feels so cold38.-Have you moved into the new house ?-Not yet. The rooms _.A. are being painting B. are paintingC. are painted D. are being painted39. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served40.-Why does Jenny look so unhappy ?_ She _where she doesnt want to.A. made to go B. is made goC. makes to go D. is made to go41He _ his leg when he _ in a football match against another school.A. broke; played B. was breaking; was playingC. broke; was playing D. was breaking; played42.-Will you go to the museum tomorrow ?-I will if