外研版英語八下教案M1-6.doc

Module 1 Hobbies句型一. 簡單句1.主語+系動詞+表語（+狀語）eg: These flowers are fresh.These books are great 地點狀語2.主語+謂語（不及物動詞）（+狀語）eg: The first building was built 時間狀語第一座大樓建于1919年3.主語+謂語（及物動詞）+賓語（+狀語）eg: I bought a good book (yesterday)狀語昨天我買了一本好書4.主語+謂語（及物動詞）+間接賓語+直接賓語（+狀語）My mother bought me a good book 我媽媽昨天在書店給我買了一本好書5.主語+謂語（及物動詞）+賓語+賓語補足語（+狀語）Our teacher asks us to finish the homework 老師讓我們每天按時完成作業(yè)6.there be +主語+（狀語）There is a bottle of water 桌子上有一杯水Words一. 1.collect v. 收集， 收藏 2.collection n. 收集 3.collecter n. 收集者eg. Uncle Tom likes collecting all kinds of stamps.Tom 叔叔喜歡收集各種各樣的郵票Stamp collection means you have a lot of stamps.集郵意味著你有許多郵票二. 1. tidy v. 收拾，整理 tidy up 收拾 2. adj 干凈的，整潔的 untidy 凌亂的，不整潔的eg：Tidy up， youll fell better.收拾一下，你就會感覺很好三. littlelessleast adj 小的，少的（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）eg. Mary had to look after her little sister at home.Mary不得不在家照顧她的小妹妹There is little water in the cup .杯子里幾乎沒有水了.四. 1. take up 占用eg. Dont take up others time , it is impolit.不要占用別人的時間，那是不禮貌的。 2. 開始從事，學著做eg: The young man will take up his teaching next week. 那個年輕人下周將開始教學詞組： take off 脫下 反 put on 穿上起飛 反 land on 著陸 五. make made made 1. v. 制造 使役動詞： 使.讓. make.do/adj.eg: This movie made me happy. 這部電影讓我很高興。 Marys father is making a bookcase for his daughter. 瑪麗的爸爸正在給他做一個書架。六. so 因此，所以 eg: Its raining , so I cant go to school. adj. 如此eg: Mary is so beautiful a girl. 瑪麗是如此漂亮的一個女孩。七. creative adj 有創(chuàng)造力的eg: Chinese people are all creative. 中國人都很有創(chuàng)造力。In my mind , Tom is a creative person . 在我印象里，Tom是一個有創(chuàng)造力的人。八.1. useful adj 有用的eg: English is one of the most useful languages in the world. 英語是世界上最有用的語言之一。2. use v. 使用usetoeg: I want to use pens to write homework. 我想用鋼筆寫作業(yè)。 3. be used for doing sth.eg: The cars are used for transporting. 車是用來運輸?shù)?4. be used by 被所使用eg: This room is used only by my father. 這個房間是我爸爸專門使用的。九. success n. 成功，勝利 successful adj 成功的，勝利的 successfully adv 成功地，勝利地 succeed v. 成功，勝利eg: Work hard , you will get success 努力就能夠取得成功。 Beckham is a successful football player. 貝克漢姆是一名成功的足球運動員。 7 years ago , China sent a spacecraft successfully. 七年前，中國成功發(fā)射了一艘宇宙飛船。十. should v. 將要 (shall) eg: You should speak loudly in class. 你應該在課堂上大聲說話。I said that I should go with her 3 years ago.三年前，我說我會和她一起去。Text一. some.others. 一些另一些eg: Some movies are interesting but others are boring.一些電影很有趣，但是另外一些缺很無聊。other作形容詞，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)one.the other. 一個另一個二. interest cn. 興趣， 愛好 eg: I have many interests. 我有許多興趣。interesting adj 有趣的interested adj 感興趣的be interested in 對感興趣 = take an interest inlose interest 失去興趣 a place of interest 名勝eg: Tom lost interests about English 2 years ago. 湯姆兩年前就對英語失去了興趣We are interested in computers now. 現(xiàn)在我們對電腦都很感興趣。三. ask sb.to do sth. 讓/要求某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth. 不讓某人做某事四. 1. develop v. 開發(fā)，發(fā)展，培養(yǎng) 2. developing adj. 在發(fā)展的，發(fā)展中的 3. developed adj. 發(fā)達的，發(fā)展了的 4. development n. 發(fā)展eg: 中國是發(fā)展中國家但英國是發(fā)達國家China is a developing country, but England is a developed country.五. grow (grew grew) v. 1.長大，生長 2.種植，栽培 3.逐漸變成 4.留（須，發(fā)）詞組： grow up 長大 grown-up 成人 grow into 長成 grow + adj.Module 2. FriendshipGrammar賓語從句一. Can you tell me where youre from?在賓語從句中需將疑問語序恢復為陳述語序1.由一個句子來充當賓語，我們稱這個句子為賓語從句2.引導詞1）that (五實際意義，因此可以省略) 2）whether/if 是否 當句子末尾有“or not”的時候，只能用“whether” 3）特殊疑問詞引導賓語，一定保持陳述句語序3.后接賓語從句的詞 （一般表示觀點、意念、想法、概念）（1） 我認為明天會下雨I think that it will rain tomorrow.（2） 我不知道他是否能按時到達這里I dont know whether he can arrive here on time or not.（3） 你知道最近的郵局在哪里嗎？Do you know where the nearest post office is ?Words一. 1.friend n. 朋友 make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友2.friendly adj 友好的 be friendly to sb. 對某人友好3.friendship n. 友誼eg: Long live our friendship 友誼地久天長二. hold v. 拿，舉，持，擁有eg: Tomorrow we are going to hold an important meetings. 我們打算明天開一個重要的會議 My grandmother hold my hands tightly. 我的祖母緊緊地握著我的手 Hold me ,hold the world. 擁有我，就擁有了整個世界三. personal adj 私人的，個人的private adj 自私的，私人的eg：1. I want to have a personal computer. 我想有一臺私人的電腦 2.I think Tom is a private man. 我認為Tom是一個自私的人四. close v. 關 （shut 關閉 turn off 關） adj 親近的，近的eg: Tom and I are close relations. 湯姆和我是很親近的親戚五.1.far away 遙遠的（表語、狀語、后置定語）be far away from2. faraway 遙遠的 （前置定語） eg: I have been to a village far away. 我曾經去過一個遙遠的小村莊 Our school is far away from my home. 學校離我家很遠六. 1.lonely adj. 孤獨的/荒涼的2. alone adj 獨自（做表語，放在系動詞后面） adv. 單獨，獨白eg: （1）I stayed at home alone , but I didnt feel lonely.我獨自呆在家里，但是我不感到孤單（2）I dont like living alone. 我不喜歡獨自居住七. afraid adj. 害怕的 be afraid of/to do/thateg: （1）I am afraid of the dark 我害怕黑暗（2）I am afraid to walk in the dark 我不敢在黑暗里走動（3）I am afraid that he cant come here on time. 我恐怕他不能按時來這八. laugh v. 大笑smile v. 微笑laugh at 嘲笑eg: It is impolite to laugh at others. 嘲笑別人是不禮貌的九. worry v. 擔心，焦慮worried adj. 擔心的，焦慮的worry about 擔心eg: I told my mother not to worry about me.我告訴媽媽不要擔心我十. usual adj. 尋常的，通常的unusual adj 不同尋常的usually adv 通常eg: I think this is an unusual book. 我認為這是一本不尋常的書十一. pass v. 通過，經過 傳遞eg: （1）Study hard , you can pass the exam. 好好學習，你可以通過考試的。（2）Could you please pass me the hammer? 你能把錘子遞給我嗎？十二. believe v. 相信belief n. 信仰believe sb. 相信某人說的話believe in sb. 相信某人eg:（1） Dont believe in somebody easily. 不要輕易地相信某人（2）You should believe me. 你應該相信我的話Text:一. if 如果，是否 = whether1.只能用whether的時候 如果句末有“or not”只能用whether 用在動詞不定式前的只能是whether I cant decide whether to stay here. 我不能決定是否呆在這 用在介詞后只能用whether Toms father worried about whether he can come on time. Tom的爸爸擔憂他是否能按時來 當放在句首引導主語從句表強調的時候，只能用whether二. hear 聽到 v. (heard heard)listen 聽 （to） vi.sound 聽起來 （系動詞）1.hear of = hear about 聽說2.hear that （賓語從句）eg: （1）I have heard of the monster “Nian” 我聽說過怪獸“年”（2）I heard that he has been to America 我聽說他去過美國三. a couple of 一雙，一對 a pair of 一雙，一對 1. couple 指的是可以分開的一對或一雙 pair 指的是不可分開的一雙或一對eg: This man and that woman are couples.這個男人和那個女人是夫婦2. couple, pair 是量詞，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于量詞eg: This pair of shoes is new.These two pairs of shoes are new.四.find v. 找到 （look for 尋找） 發(fā)現(xiàn)1.find + 賓+ n. eg: I found the girl a good singer. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)那個女孩是一個很好的歌手2.find +賓語+形容詞 eg: Tom found swimming difficult. Tom發(fā)現(xiàn)游泳難3.find +賓+介詞短語eg: I found the cat under the desk 我發(fā)發(fā)現(xiàn)貓在桌子下4.find +賓+現(xiàn)在分詞eg: My father found the thief stealing last night.昨天夜里我爸爸發(fā)現(xiàn)了小偷正在偷東西 find +賓+過去分詞eg: The little bear found the chair broken 小熊發(fā)現(xiàn)他的椅子壞了五.feel like 想要 feel like n./pron that doingeg: We all feel like going to the moon. 我們都想去月球六. give sb. sth = give sth. to sb.eg: Could you give me a cup of coffee?Cou you give a cup of coffee to me?能給我一杯咖啡嗎？七. make friends with sb. 和交朋友eg: I like making friends with clever people.我喜歡和聰明人交朋友八. sit v. 坐 （sat sat） sit down (adv.)eg: Please sit on the chair.九. make v. (let) 使，讓make sb. do sth. make sb. + adj.eg: The movie made me happy. 這部電影使我很高興The movie made me feel happy這部電影使我感到很高興Module 3 On the radio一. look out for sb./sth. 小心，警惕，留意某人某物eg: look out for the tigers in the mountains. 在山里要小心老虎二. prepare v. 準備preparation n. 準備prepare to do. for.eg:（1）I prepared to join radio programm next month.我準備在下個月參加廣播節(jié)目（2）We are preparing for Spring Festival我們正為了春節(jié)而準備三. 1.voice n. 聲音（人） sound n. 聲音（物品）/ v系 聽起來 noise n. 嘈雜聲eg: Mary has bright and beautiful voice. 瑪麗有著很明快并且優(yōu)美的聲音 2.high高 low低 用來修飾聲音的高低四. ask for 要.eg: I want to ask my mother for a new basketball.我想跟媽媽要一個新籃球五. glass un. 玻璃 cn. 玻璃杯 glasses n. 眼鏡 a pair of glasses 一副眼鏡六. thanks for doing sth. thank sb. for doing sth. 因做某事而表示感謝eg: Thank you for helping me. Thanks for helping me.感謝你能幫助我七. take.around. 帶.參觀.eg: I would like to find a tour guide to take me around British Museum.我想找一名導游帶我參觀大英博物館八. remember to do 記得要做某事 doing 記得做過某事 forget to do 忘記要做某事 doing 忘記做過某事eg: You mustnt forget to finish your homework. 千萬別忘了完成作業(yè)九. need to do sth. 需要做某事eg: His grandmother need to go the hospital. 他的祖母需要去醫(yī)院十. keep v. 保持keep doing sth. 一直做./繼續(xù)做.keep on doing sth. 重復做某事.keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事.keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事.eg: （1）My mother always keeps my father from smoking. 我媽媽不讓爸爸吸煙（2）Our teacher keeps us practising grammar. 老師一直讓我們練習語法十一. 特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式1. who what which. （特殊疑問代詞） + to do （可以做主語、賓語和表語） when where how. (特殊疑問副詞)eg: Do you know how to make lanterns? 你知道怎么樣做燈籠嗎？2. 可將復合句變?yōu)楹唵尉鋏g: I dont know what Ill do tomorrow.I dont know whar to do tomorrow.十二. hate v. 憎惡、憎恨hate to do sth. （具體的事）hate doing sth. （可恨性或經常的）eg: I hate doing exercise 我不喜歡/憎惡做運動I hate to watch this movie. 我不喜歡看這部電影十三. explain v. 解釋，說明explain sth. to sb. 和某人解釋某事eg: Tom explained the mistake he has made to me. 湯姆讓我解釋了他犯的錯誤explaination n. 解釋，說明eg: Tom gave me the explaination of the mistake. 湯姆給了我關于那個錯誤的解釋十四. seem v. 似乎，看起來1. seem + n. Mary seems a beautiful girl.2. seem + adj. Tom seems angry.3.seem + to do The man in the hospital seemed to be ill.4. seem + 介詞短語 The animals seem in danger now.5. It seems that. It seems that it will rain 6. sb. seem to do sth. 某人似乎要做某事 The old man seemed to be dead.Module 4 New technologyGrammar一. if引導的件狀語從句1.if “如果”引導條件狀語從句2.主句是一般將來時，從句為一般現(xiàn)在時（主將從現(xiàn)）eg: If it rains , we wont go to the park.3.If引導的從句既可以放在結尾也可以放在開頭，但需要用逗號跟主句隔開Words一. introduction n. 介紹introduce v. 介紹eg: Could you please give us some introduction about yourself？ Could you please introduce yourself?1. instruction n. 介紹，說明eg: Can you let me see the instruction of the fridge ?二. lend v. 借 （lent lent）(向外) lendto borrow v. 借 （向內） borrowfrom瞬間動詞（borrow），在現(xiàn)在完成時中后接段時間應換為“keep”eg: I have already kept this book for 6 days.我已經從圖書館借這本書借了6天了Text:一. let v. 讓，使1. lets (包括我)shall we Lets go to school, shall we? let us (不包括我)will you Let us go to school, will you?2.使役動詞 let , make , have(1) let/make/have sb. do sth.(2) let/make/have + adj.eg: Dont let me clean the room. This movie made me sad.二. connect v. 連接 connect with/to 將連接eg: Can you help me connect the TV to/with the computer? 你能幫我把電視和電腦連接起來嗎？三. 1.surprising adj. 令人驚訝的 2.suprised adj. 感到驚訝的 be surprised at 對感到驚訝eg: Tom is surprised at all the snakes. Tom對所有的蛇都感到驚訝四. advice n. 意見，建議 （不可數(shù)）詞組： take/follow ones advice 接受某人建議 ask for advice 尋找建議 refuse ones advice 拒絕某人建議 accept ones advice 接受某人建議 offer some advice 提供一些建議五. pick v. 采，摘 pick up 1. 撿起，拾起 2. 用車搭載或接某人 3. 學會（技能） 4. 通過無線電接受eg: The girl is picking flowers in the forest. 那個小姑娘正在森林里采花 I picked up a wallet on the ground yesterday. 昨天我在地上撿了一個錢包六. bite v. (bit, bitten) 咬 bite sb. on/in + 部位eg: The dog bit me on my leg. 狗咬了我的腿Module 5 ProblemsGrammar直接引語變間接引語1. 直接引語，直接引述別人的話間接引語，轉述別人的話2. 英語中，直接引語的存在的形式為“，”3. 間接引語的時候，去掉“”的形式4. 直接引語變間接引語1. 看主句部分的時態(tài)，當主句部分為一般現(xiàn)在時，引語部分的時態(tài)不能改變；當主句部分為一般過去時，引語部分時態(tài)發(fā)生相應的變化Tom said, “I am a student. ”Tom said that he was a student.Tom says, “I m a student. ”Tom says that he is a student.2. 直接引語變間接引語的人稱的改變一人稱變三人稱 二人稱變一人稱（二人稱隨賓語）三人稱不變 Tom said , “Mary is a girl “ Tom said that Mary was a girl.3. 直接引語變間接引語的變化規(guī)律一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時 現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時 一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時 過去完成時過去完成時練習：A. My mother says,”Im watching TV”My mother says that she is watching TV.B. Toms father said, “I will go to New York”Toms father said that he would go to New York.C. Our teacher said,” Mary havent finished her homework.”O(jiān)ur teacher said that Mary hadnt finished her homework.D. Mary said to me, “I went to the park.”Mary told me that she had been to the park.Words一. problem n. 問題 - solve v. 解決question n. 疑問，問題 - answer v. 回答eg: Our teacher often lets me answer questions. Could you help me slove the problems about maths ?二. chance n. 機會 v. 偶然發(fā)生 chance to do sth. 冒險（及物） + n./pron/doingeg:(1) If you study hard now, there will be many chances wait for you. 如果你現(xiàn)在努力學習，未來就會有許多機會等待你 (2)I chanced to meet my favourite movie star in the street. 我偶然在大街上遇到了我最喜歡的電影明星 (3)Tom chanced going to a big hole in the mountain. Tom 冒險去山里的大洞三. able adj. 能夠be able to do 能，會1. be able to 有人稱和數(shù)的變化而can沒有2. 表示請求或允許的時候，以及表示否定的猜測的時候，要用can3. 表示現(xiàn)在和過去的某種能力時，兩者可互換eg: I could dance 10 years ago, but now I cant. Can you help ? Tom was able to dance with the music.四. refuse v. 拒絕refuse sb. sth. 拒絕某人某事eg: Mary refused my invitation last weekend. refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事eg: I refused to go swimming with Mary.五. warn v. 警告，注意warn sb. not to do sth. 警告/提醒某人不要做某事eg: Mary warns her husband not to smoke in the room. Mary警告她的丈夫不要在房間里吸煙 warn sb. about/against sth/ doingeg: Mary warns her husband about smoking.六. punish v. 懲罰1.punish n/pron2.punish 常用于被動語態(tài)3.punish for 表示被懲罰的原因4.punish by/with 表示懲罰的手段或方式eg：（1） I was punished for breaking the vase 我因為打破花瓶而被懲罰（2）I was punished by my mother. 我被媽媽責備了我七.such adj. 如此，這樣so adv. 如此such + a/an + adj. + nso + adj. + a/an + n.eg: Mary is such a beautiful girl. Mary is so beautiful a girl. 瑪麗時如此漂亮的一個女孩八. prove v. 證明，證實prove n./pron/that從句eg: The wallet proved the truth. The wallet proved that the man is honest.九.honest adj. 誠實的，正直的dishonest adj. 不誠實的eg: Tom is an honest and clever boy. Tom是一個既誠實又聰明的男孩十. realise v. 意識到，了解realize realize that 從句eg: I realized that the earth is round. 我意識到地球是圓的十一. mend v. 修理，改良 （小型的修理，縫補）repair v. 修理 （大型的修理）fix v. 修理，修補eg: I want to have my car repaired. 我想讓人修理我的車 Can you help me mend the trousers ?你能幫我補下褲子嗎？ have something done. 讓某人幫我做十二. hurry up 趕快 = come on hurry to sw. 匆忙去eg: I saw Tom hurrying to the hospital. 我看見Tom匆匆忙忙地去了醫(yī)院Text:一. at the end of. 在結束時（場所，時間）in the end 最后，終于 (finally , at last )by the end of 在結束時（時間）eg: In the end, we won the first prize. 最后，我們贏得了一等獎 At the end of the party, youll see the violin solo. 在晚會結束時，你將會看到小提琴獨奏二. would ratherthanwouldrather than 寧愿而不愿表示主管愿望的時候，兩者之中選一個eg: I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我寧愿在家看電視而不愿去看電影 would不與rather than連用的時候，表示與其不如；是而不是eg: I will go to the park rather than stay at home. 與其去公園不如呆在家里三. many 修飾可數(shù)名詞 許多，大量much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞too many too muchmuch too (v. adj. adv. )eg: There is too much rain here this year. The dog runs much too quickly, I cant catch it.四. be proud of 以為榮/ 以為驕傲take pride in 以為驕傲eg: Her parents were proud of her ten years ago. Her parents took pride in her ten years ago.五. ask v. 問 askquestion; ask for 要求，讓 ask sb. to do sth. Not ask sb. to do sth. Ask sb. not to do sth.eg: You can ask me some hard questions The teacher asked me to finish homework on time.My mother asks me to clean the room.My mother doesnt ask me to clean the room.My mother asks me not to clean the room.六. should (情態(tài)動詞) 應該 + 動詞原形shall-should (過去將來時) should not = shouldnt 不應該eg: You should listen to me carefully. 你應該認真地聽我說 Module 6 EntertainmentWords一