2019版高考英語復(fù)習(xí)單元檢測（十七）GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina.docx

單元檢測（十七）Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China.閱讀理解ACalled “the man who shaped America” and “the father of modern industrial design”， Raymond Loewy must be one of the most influential designers of all time. He revolutionized the industry, working as an adviser for more than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators, from cars to the insides of spaceships.Loewys designs all had one thing in common. They were shaped by the MAYA principle Most Advanced Yet Acceptable. His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the solutions are too different from current designs.Loewy started his career in industrial design in 1929 by redesigning a copying machine for the British manufacturer, Sigmund Gestetner. The 28yearold designer completed the task in three days and the design of the machine lasted for the next 40 years.The Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining (流線型). He described this as “beauty through function and simplification”. He spent the next 50 years streamlining everything from postage stamps and company logos (商標(biāo)) to the insides of stores. The famous Greyhound bus and Studebaker car show his use of streamlining in action.He is perhaps most famous for his redesign of the Lucky Strike packaging. In 1940, the President of the Lucky Strike Manufacturing Company, George Washington Hill, bet Loewy 50,000 that he could not improve the appearance of the green and red Lucky Strike packets. Loewy accepted the challenge. He changed the background of the packet from green to white. Then he put the red lucky strike target on both sides of the packet. This made it more eyecatching and greatly increased sales. It is now recognized as a design classic.Loewys logo design aimed at “visual retention (視覺保持)”. He wanted to make sure that anyone who saw the logo, even for a short while, would never forget it. He designed many highly visible logos for famous companies such as Shell Oil, Exxon, Greyhound and Nabisco.By the mid 20th century, his industrial design firm was so famous that he could say “the average person, leading a normal life . is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things, services or structures” designed by his firm.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了20世紀(jì)最著名的美國工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)師之一與美國工業(yè)奠基人雷蒙德羅維。1Loewys biggest influence was in _.Acompletely changing the design industryBsuccessfully shaping Americans tasteCchanging peoples idea about designDbuilding a professional design team解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“the father of modern industrial design”和“one of the most influential designers of all time”以及“He revolutionized the industry”可知，雷蒙德羅維完全改變了設(shè)計(jì)行業(yè)。2Loewys designs were based on the idea of _.Aspeeding up the design processBproviding completely different designsCproviding most immediately recognizable designsDoffering original but not revolutionary answers to problems解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，羅維的設(shè)計(jì)都基于一個(gè)原則：最先進(jìn)的但仍可接受的。3Loewy first used streamlining _.Ain his redesign of the Lucky Strike packagingBwhen he designed a company logo for the GestetnerCwhen he redesigned a copying machine for GestetnerDin his design for the Greyhound bus and Studebaker car解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining(流線型)”可知，羅維受委托為一位企業(yè)家Sigmund Gestetner重新設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)印機(jī)，他首次采用“流線、簡單化”的設(shè)計(jì)理念。4What can we infer from the last paragraph?ALoewy provided service to ordinary people.BLoewys designs were famous and influential.CLoewys design firms existed all over the world.DLoewy was welcomed and respected by the public.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，一個(gè)普通人每日都會(huì)接觸雷蒙德洛威公司的設(shè)計(jì)作品，由此可推知，雷蒙德羅維公司的設(shè)計(jì)作品非常著名，而且極富影響力。BIn the state of Maryland, a girl was born into slavery in 1820. Her parents named her Araminta Harriet Ross. She was to become Harriet Tubman. She was one of about one million Africans in slavery in the United States.From the age of five, Harriet Tubmans owners made her work very hard. First, she cared for the child of the farm owner. Then, she did hard work on large farms.Although she could not read or write, Tubman learned from her parents to do what was right. Through her whole life, Tubman put herself in danger to help other people.One such act changed her life when she was 13 years old. Because she helped another slave, her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head. She was badly hurt. For the rest of her life, Tubmans head wound caused problems for her.When she was about 25 years old，Harriet married a free black man named John Tubman. But she was still a slave. Her life was so difficult that she decided to escape. She travelled for 145 kilometres, and finally crossed into the North. Tubman became a free woman.But Tubman could not leave her family enslaved in the South. So she travelled back to help them escape as well. Then, she made many trips and guided about 300 slaves to freedom. Tubman also fought bravely in the American Civil War and in 1865 slavery was not allowed in the US.Harriet Tubman died in 1913. Her memory brings hope to many people especially to those who fight for justice. She encouraged people to never give up.“If you want a taste of freedom, keep going.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了美國杰出的黑人廢奴主義運(yùn)動(dòng)家哈莉特塔布曼的生平事跡。5What do we know about Harriet Tubman?AShe was born a slave.BShe was born in Africa.CShe was taken to the US by a slave trader.DShe was sold to a farm owner when she was born.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“a girl was born into slavery”可知，哈莉特塔布曼出生于奴隸家庭，也就意味著她一出生就是奴隸。6When she was 13 years old, Tubman _.Aplanned to run awayBhelped a slave escapeCfought bravely against her ownerDwas seriously wounded in her head解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“when she was 13 years old”和“her owner threw a piece of metal at her and it hit her on the head. She was badly hurt”可知，塔布曼在13歲的時(shí)候，頭部受到重創(chuàng)。7We can infer from the text that Tubman was _.Ahonest and friendlyBstrong and helpfulClucky and careful Dclever and polite解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中對塔布曼事跡的描述可知，作為奴隸的她受到非人的折磨，但她卻憑借自己頑強(qiáng)的意志成功擺脫奴隸的身份，并且多次幫助其他奴隸獲得了自由。由此可知，B項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)確概括了塔布曼的品質(zhì)特點(diǎn)。8What would be the best title for the text?AAfricans Fight for FreedomBHarriet Tubman: From Slave to HeroCThe History of Slavery in the United StatesDThe American Civil War: The North Against the South解析：選B標(biāo)題歸納題。哈莉特塔布曼出身奴隸，但她渴望自由，最終逃到美國北方，獲取新生。不僅如此，她還幫助無數(shù)黑奴奔向自由，成為一名英雄。故B項(xiàng)為最佳標(biāo)題。.完形填空My dad died last year. He wasnt _1_， only aged sixtysix. You can probably _2_ the upset, the anger, the unexpected flood of _3_ that have filled the twelve months since then. What would I do without him? More importantly, I had to face up to the _4_ that, with him gone, I was the oldest in my family. The most fearful of all, I realized that there was no one between me and _5_. After his generation was gone, mine would be the next generation. It _6_ I had to be the grownup. Although it was _7_， it brought another realization. All through my life my father had been stepping away from me not in a neglectful (疏忽的) way, but in a way that kept me _8_. He told me when I took my first baby steps, he always held me. The next time I _9_， he stopped holding me. As I moved forward, he took a step back and I took another _10_！ In the swimming pool I swam towards the deep end. I felt _11_ in the knowledge that Dad was right in front. He _12_ as I completed the first round. He _13_ the seat of my bicycle until he thought I was _14_. And then, without me even _15_ it, he let go and stepped away.When my own _16_ came along, he told me as a father, how I should _17_ them in his opinion. Then he backed away with the words, “But its your _18_.”Now, Im a husband, a father, an uncle and a grandfather. I was all of that _19_ he died. He _20_ me to be a good man, like him.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了過世的父親對作者的影響。1A.sad BbadCsick Dold解析：選D根據(jù)本空后的“only aged sixtysix”可知，作者的父親去世時(shí)還不算老。2A.feel BfindCimagine Dexpect解析：選C根據(jù)本空后的“twelve months”可知，你完全可以想象到作者一年來的感受。3A.tears BwordsCletters Dvisitors解析：選A根據(jù)本空前的upset和anger可知，父親去世后，作者整天以淚洗面。4A.fact BnewsCpossibility Dmessage解析：選A作者已經(jīng)是這個(gè)家族中年齡最大的了，這是作者要面對的事實(shí)。5A.trouble BdeathCnature Ddanger解析：選B根據(jù)上句中的oldest和下句中的“After his generation was gone”可知，最讓人作者感到恐懼的是，在他與死亡之間已經(jīng)沒有人了。作者父親那一代人都已經(jīng)去世了，馬上就要輪到作者這一代人了。6A.showed BsensedCproved Dmeant解析：選D此句是對上句的解釋，那就意味著作者不得不承擔(dān)起一個(gè)成人的責(zé)任。7A.difficult BsurprisingCfearful Dspecial解析：選C根據(jù)上文中的“The most fearful of all”可知，雖然有些恐懼，但是這些恐懼還讓作者意識到了一些東西。8A.going away Blooking outCcoming out Dmoving forward解析：選D與上句中的“stepping away