英語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞歸納總結(jié)W.doc

英語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)律1、規(guī)則變化1) 一般情況直接在詞尾加-s . 如：chairchairs；appleapples；grapegrapes；deskdesks等。2）以s、sh、ch、x等結(jié)尾的詞加es .如：busbuses；watchwatches；boxboxes；brushbrushes等。3）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y 為i 再加es，babybabies；citycities；familyfamilies等。4）以f或fe結(jié)尾的將f或fe直接換成ves. 如：knifeknives；thiefthieves；shelfshelves等。2、不規(guī)則變化1）沒(méi)有規(guī)律的變化。如：childchildren；footfeet；toothteeth；mousemice；womanwomen等。2）單復(fù)同形。如：deerdeer；sheepsheep；fishfish；yuanyuan；tofutofu；porkpork等。3）以o結(jié)尾的名詞有的加es有的加s. 如：potatopotatoes；tomatotomatoes；Heroheroes等。二、動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則1）直接在動(dòng)詞后+s. 如：likelikes；playplays；readreads；getgets；helphelps；skiskis等。2）以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的動(dòng)詞：+es. 如：washwashes；wacthwatches；teachteaches；brushbrushes等。3）以輔音+o接尾的動(dòng)詞：+es. 如：gogoes；dodoes等。4）以輔音+y接尾的動(dòng)詞：變y為i+es. 如：flyflies；study studies；carrycarries；skyskies等。 末尾字母y前為元音字母的，直接在動(dòng)詞后面加-s. 如：playplays；saysays等。5）特殊變化。如：beis；havehas等。這些沒(méi)有規(guī)律，需要加強(qiáng)記憶。三、動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing形式的構(gòu)成1）一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ing . 如：gogoing；standstanding；climbclimbing等。2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e，再加-ing. 如：writewriting；hopehoping；carecaring等。3）以-ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)先將e去掉，將i變成y然后再加-ing. 如：diedying，tietying等。4）如果動(dòng)詞最后一音節(jié)為重讀閉音節(jié)，最后一個(gè)字母需要重復(fù). 如：runrunning； stopstopping；hophopping；planplanning；starstarring；getgetting等. 但輔音x是個(gè)例外，無(wú)需重復(fù)（x其實(shí)起著兩個(gè)輔音的作用）。如：taxtaxing，relaxrelaxing等。5）以-ee，-oe，-ye結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-ing時(shí)應(yīng)保留詞尾e. 如：seeseeing；hoehoeing；eyeeyeing等。6）以-ue結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞大多應(yīng)先去e再加-ing. 如：suesuing；imbueimbuing；rueruing等。7）以-ic結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)先在字母c后加一字母k再加-ing. 如：frolicfrolicking；panicpanicking；mimicmimicking；picnicpicnicking；traffictrafficking等。四、人稱(chēng)代詞的變化形式主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)I我me我my我的mine我的myself我自己復(fù)數(shù)we我們us我們our我們的ours我們的ourselves我們自己第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)you你you你your你的yours你的yourself你自己復(fù)數(shù)you你們you你們your你們的yours你們的yourselves你們自己第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)he他him他his他的his他的himself他自己she她her她her她的hers她的herself她自己it它it它its它的its它的itself它自己復(fù)數(shù)they（他/她/它）們them(他/她/它)們their(他/她/它）們的theirs(他/她/它）們的themselves他們自己五、動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化1、規(guī)則變化1）一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞詞尾直接加-ed. 如：workworked；piayplayed；wantwanted；actacted等。 2）以不發(fā)音的-e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-d. 如：livelived；movemoved；decidedecided等。3）以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed. 如：studystudied；trytried；cry-cried 等。 4）以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母，再加 ed, 如：stopstopped；begbegged； fretfretted；dragdragged；dropdropped；planplanned；dotdotted；dripdripped 等。2、不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞有很多，規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)，需要加強(qiáng)記憶。小學(xué)常用的有如下：1）AAA型原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思readreadread讀cutcutcut切，割letletlet讓putputput放costcostcost花費(fèi)，值hithithit撞，擊setsetset安排，安置hurthurthurt使傷痛2）ABA型原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思becomebecamebecome成為comecamecome來(lái)runranrun跑3）ABC型 . ow ew own原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn畫(huà)growgrewgrown生長(zhǎng)knowknewknown 知道flyflewflown飛ia u原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思beginbeganbegun開(kāi)始drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳ringrangrung打電話無(wú)規(guī)律原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思am/iswasbeen是arewerebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone走taketooktaken拿4）ABB型 原形ought ought原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思bringbroughtbrought帶來(lái)原形aught aught原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思catchcaughtcaught捉,抓teachtaughttaught教buyboughtbought買(mǎi)fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考變其中一個(gè)元音字母原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思meetmetmet遇見(jiàn)get gotgot得到sitsatsat坐winwonwon贏findfoundfound發(fā)現(xiàn)原形ltlt原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思feelfeltfelt感到keepkeptkept保持leaveleftleft離開(kāi)sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept掃變其中一個(gè)輔音字母原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思buildbuiltbuilt建造hearheardheard聽(tīng)見(jiàn)makemademade制造meanmeantmeant意思spendspentspent花費(fèi)輔音字母和元音字母都變?cè)芜^(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思havehadhad有，吃paypaidpaid付錢(qián)saysaidsaid說(shuō)sellsoldsold賣(mài)telltoldtold告訴standstoodstood站5）AAB型原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思beatbeatbeaten打敗6）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞漢語(yǔ)意思cancould能maymight也許must必須shallshould將要willwould會(huì)以上內(nèi)容，主要涵蓋小學(xué)英語(yǔ)的名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)律、動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的變化規(guī)律、動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞ing形式的構(gòu)成、人稱(chēng)代詞的變化以及常用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化。望同學(xué)們多看多記，加以鞏固！英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變名詞、動(dòng)詞變形容詞方法歸納動(dòng)詞變名詞小結(jié)1.在詞尾加er,r ,雙寫(xiě)加er 或or:A. play _ player, sing _ singer, wait _ waiter , find _ finder,thrill _ thrillerB. write _ writer, drive _ driver, come _ comer, explore _ explorerdance _ dancerC. run _ runner, win _ winner, rob _ robber, traval _ travallerD. visit _ visitor, invent _ inventor2. 在詞尾加ing:build _ building, draw _ drawing, end _ ending, begin _ beginning,swim _ swimming， skate _ skating, feel _ feeling, say _ saying,mean _ meaning, cross _ crossing， surf _ surfing, paint _ painting3.在詞尾加ion 或去e加ion:A. decide _ decision, describe _ description, produce _ production,celebrate _ celebration,pronounce _ pronunciation, decorate _ decorationgraduate _ graduation,frustrate - frustration,pollute _ pollutioncontribute _ contribution, congratulate _ congratulation,educate _ education，organize _ orgnization,donate _ donation,appreciate _ appreciation，operate _ operation, invite _ invitationB. discuss _ discussion, invent _ invention, attract _ attractionimpress _ impression,inject _ injection,instruct _ instruction4.其它：know _ knowledge, please _ pleasure, enjoy _ enjoyment,practise _ practice， die _ death, succeed _ success, weigh _ weight,sit _ deat, change _ chance，enter _ entrance,fly _ flight,rob _ robbery, discover _ discovery，faile _ failure,appear _ appearance,breathe _ breath 動(dòng)詞變形容詞小結(jié)1.詞尾加ful:use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful,thank - thankfulpeace - peaceful, forget - forgetful, play - playful,succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful2.詞尾加d或ed:please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited,surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed,wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed,appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated,interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used,frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled,pollute - polluted3.詞尾加ing:interest - interesting, surprise - surprising, excite - excitingdevelop - developing, frighten - frightening,thrill - thyrillingfrustrate - frustrating, relax _ relaxing, live - livingrock - rocking, sleep - sleeping4.詞尾變y為i,加ed:worry - worried, marry - married,fry - fried, terrify - terrifiedsatisfy - satisfied5.詞尾加able:know - knowled